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. 2021 Feb 15;11(2):505. doi: 10.3390/ani11020505

Figure 1.

Figure 1

The diagram illustrates RT-PCR targeting 370 bp F gene fragment (nt no. 330–700) with F primer containing a characteristic virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) F gene cleavage site (nt no. 334–351). The low-virulent NDV cleavage site showed seven nucleotide substitutions (guanine instead of adenine at positions 334, 342, 343, 344, and 345 and cytosine instead of thiamine at positions 348 and 349) when compared to the forward primer nucleotide sequence, making it difficult to amplify the target fragment from low-virulent NDV.