Table 1.
Basic characteristics of all participants.
| Characteristic | All (n = 2,308) | AHI <15/h(n = 1,021) | AHI ≥15/h (n = 1,287) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, years | 40.16 ± 11.18 | 38.84 ± 11.58 | 41.20 ± 10.74 | <0.001 |
| Male (%) | 79.5 | 66.8 | 89.7 | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.74 ± 3.77 | 24.10 ± 3.31 | 27.05 ± 3.61 | <0.001 |
| Smokers, n (%) | 773 (33.5) | 237 (23.2) | 536 (41.6) | <0.001 |
| Alcohol consumption, n (%) | 1,028 (44.5) | 373 (36.5) | 655 (50.9) | <0.001 |
| Biochemical variables | ||||
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 5.27 ± 0.99 | 5.05 ± 0.81 | 5.45 ± 1.08 | <0.001 |
| Insulin (μU/mL) | 11.41 ± 7.95 | 9.01 ± 5.61 | 13.33 ± 8.96 | <0.001 |
| SBP, mmHg | 123.33 ± 14.69 | 120.41 ± 13.60 | 125.66 ± 15.11 | <0.001 |
| DBP, mmHg | 79.22 ± 10.94 | 77.12 ± 10.02 | 80.88 ± 11.34 | <0.001 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.70 ± 0.97 | 4.50 ± 0.99 | 4.86 ± 0.93 | <0.001 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.80 ± 1.48 | 1.42 ± 1.02 | 2.11 ± 1.71 | <0.001 |
| HDL (mmol/L) | 1.13 ± 2.57 | 1.14 ± 0.27 | 1.13 ± 3.43 | 0.915 |
| LDL (mmol/L) | 2.94 ± 0.8 | 2.78 ± 0.80 | 3.08 ± 0.78 | <0.001 |
| Polysomnography | ||||
| Total sleep time, min | 373.65 ± 73.08 | 363.50 ± 76.54 | 381.63 ± 69.18 | <0.001 |
| SWS, % of TST | 13.0 ± 10.7 | 14.92 ± 10.67 | 11.49 ± 10.47 | <0.001 |
| REM, % of TST | 9.54 ± 6.86 | 10.38 ± 7.11 | 8.88 ± 6.59 | <0.001 |
| Sleep efficiency, % | 0.80 ± 0.16 | 0.78 ± 0.17 | 0.82 ± 0.16 | <0.001 |
| MAI | 25.34 ± 19.67 | 17.65 ± 14.09 | 31.38 ± 21.26 | <0.001 |
| AHI | 28.54 ± 26.72 | 4.94 ± 4.32 | 47.22 ± 21.78 | <0.001 |
| ODI | 29.36 ± 28.20 | 7.16 ± 13.21 | 46.94 ± 24.25 | <0.001 |
Data are presented as numbers (percentages) or mean ± SD.
Differences in baseline characteristics between patients with AHI <15/h and AHI ≥15/h were explored using the independent t-test or chi-square test.
AHI, apnea–hypopnea index; BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SWS, slow-wave sleep; TST, total sleep time; REM, rapid eye movement; ODI, oxygen desaturation index; MAI, microarousal index.