Table 4.
Multiple linear regression analysis of the effects of sleep parameters on metabolic variables in the overall population.
| Model 1 | Model 2 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcome | Predictor | β | Standard error | p-value | Predictor | β | Standard error | p-value |
| BMI (kg/m2) | MAI | 0.037 | 0.004 | <0.001 | REM/TST (%) | −0.025 | 0.011 | 0.016 |
| SWS/TST (%) | −0.030 | 0.007 | <0.001 | |||||
| TST | 0.004 | 0.001 | <0.001 | |||||
| REM/TST (%) | −0.042 | 0.011 | <0.001 | |||||
| Glucose (mmol/L) | MAI | 0.007 | 0.001 | <0.001 | MAI | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.036 |
| SE (%) | 0.406 | 0.125 | 0.001 | SE (%) | 0.323 | 0.125 | 0.01 | |
| REM/TST (%) | −0.007 | 0.003 | 0.017 | REM/TST (%) | −0.006 | 0.003 | 0.048 | |
| Insulin (μU/mL) | MAI | 0.086 | 0.008 | <0.001 | (-) | (-) | (-) | (-) |
| REM/TST (%) | −0.076 | 0.023 | 0.001 | |||||
| SBP (mmHg) | MAI | 0.051 | 0.016 | <0.001 | (-) | (-) | (-) | (-) |
| DBP (mmHg) | MAI | 0.062 | 0.012 | <0.001 | REM/TST (%) | 0.132 | 0.033 | <0.001 |
| REM/TST (%) | 0.103 | 0.033 | 0.002 | |||||
| TC (mmol/L) | MAI | 0.006 | 0.001 | <0.001 | MAI | 0.003 | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| TG (mmol/L) | MAI | 0.009 | 0.002 | <0.001 | REM/TST (%) | −0.009 | 0.004 | 0.043 |
| REM/TST (%) | −0.012 | 0.004 | 0.006 | |||||
| HDL (mmol/L) | MAI | 0.008 | 0.003 | 0.005 | MAI | 0.011 | 0.003 | <0.001 |
| LDL (mmol/L) | MAI | 0.007 | 0.001 | <0.001 | MAI | 0.005 | 0.001 | <0.001 |
Model 1 was adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, and alcohol use; model 2 was adjusted for variables in model 1 and additional AHI and ODI.
BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SE, sleep efficiency; TST, total sleep time; REM, rapid eye movement; MAI, microarousal index.