Table 2.
Multivariate analysis on factors associated with willingness to volunteer and readiness to practicea
| Variable | Willingness to volunteer | Readiness to practice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | P-value | OR | 95% CI | P-value | |
| Age (years) | 1.00 | [0.97, 1.04] | 0.836 | 0.99 | [0.93, 1.06] | 0.726 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 1.14 | [1.01, 1.30] | 0.038 | 1.46 | [1.25, 1.71] | < 0.001 |
| Female | ref | ref | ||||
| Place of residence | ||||||
| Java | ref | ref | ||||
| Sumatra | 1.30 | [0.99, 1.70] | 0.064 | 1.56 | [1.15, 2.12] | 0.004 |
| Central Indonesiab | 2.26 | [1.46, 3.48] | < 0.001 | 2.05 | [1.33, 3.17] | 0.001 |
| Eastern Indonesiac | 0.79 | [0.62, 1.02] | 0.071 | 0.63 | [0.44, 0.89] | 0.009 |
| Institution type | ||||||
| Public | 1.34 | [1.19, 1.51] | < 0.001 | 1.28 | [1.09, 1.50] | 0.002 |
| Private | ref | ref | ||||
| Academic level | ||||||
| Pre-clinical | ref | |||||
| Clinical | 1.17 | [0.91, 1.49] | 0.228 | |||
| Living withd | ||||||
| Family | ref | |||||
| Non-family | 0.67 | [0.33, 1.38] | 0.280 | |||
| Alone | 1.01 | [0.80, 1.26] | 0.964 | |||
| Living with children | ||||||
| Yes | 0.94 | [0.80, 1.10] | 0.428 | |||
| No | ref | |||||
| Family income | ||||||
| ≤ IDR 1,500,000 | 0.93 | [0.71, 1.22] | 0.616 | 1.51 | [1.10, 2.08] | 0.011 |
| IDR 1,500,000-2,500,000 | 0.76 | [0.59, 0.98] | 0.034 | 0.88 | [0.62, 1.24] | 0.457 |
| IDR 2,500,000-3,500,000 | 0.84 | [0.70, 1.02] | 0.075 | 1.12 | [0.88, 1.42] | 0.350 |
| ≥ IDR 3,500,000 | ref | ref | ||||
| History of chronic disease | ||||||
| Yes | 1.26 | [0.95, 1.67] | 0.112 | |||
| No | ref | |||||
| Volunteered in health sectors | ||||||
| Yes | 1.67 | [1.42, 1.96] | < 0.001 | 2.00 | [1.67, 2.39] | < 0.001 |
| No | ref | ref | ||||
| Volunteered in non-health sectors | ||||||
| Yes | 1.63 | [1.44, 1.84] | < 0.001 | 1.68 | [1.41, 1.99] | < 0.001 |
| No | ref | ref | ||||
| Family members diagnosed with COVID-19 | ||||||
| Yes | 1.05 | [0.83, 1.31] | 0.705 | 1.06 | [0.80, 1.40] | 0.669 |
| No | ref | ref | ||||
| Don’t know | 0.88 | [0.74, 1.05] | 0.164 | 0.98 | [0.78, 1.24] | 0.878 |
| Contacts with COVID-19 patients | ||||||
| Yes | 1.10 | [0.78, 1.54] | 0.605 | 1.05 | [0.70, 1.57] | 0.806 |
| No | Ref | ref | ||||
| Don’t know | 0.94 | [0.81, 1.09] | 0.411 | 1.13 | [0.93, 1.35] | 0.214 |
aText in bold indicates statistical significance. bIncludes Sulawesi and Kalimantan. cIncludes Bali, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, and Papua. dDefined as the people living with the respondents at the time of questionnaire completion. CI Confidence interval, COVID-19 Coronavirus disease 2019, IDR Indonesian Rupiah, OR Odds ratio