Table 5.
Mean domain-based scores for face validity by experience and simulator.
| Domain | Passive Haptic Simulator (Mean ± Standard Deviation) |
Active Haptic Simulator (Mean ± Standard Deviation) |
Welch’s T-test p value (Combined passive vs combined active) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intermediates | Experts | Welch’s T-test p value (Intermediate vs Expert) | Combined | Intermediates | Experts | Welch’s T-test p Value (Intermediate vs Expert) | Combined | ||
| Outer Appearance | 8.37 ± 0.87 | 8.51 ± 0.98 | 0.670 | 8.42 ± 0.89 | 6.49 ± 1.58 | 6.82 ± 1.76 | 0.579 | 6.61 ± 1.61 | <0.001 |
| Intra-articular appearance | 7.48 ± 1.42 | 7.99 ± 0.88 | 0.186 | 7.65 ± 1.26 | 4.67 ± 1.70 | 4.97 ± 1.46 | 0.573 | 4.78 ± 1.59 | <0.001 |
| Instrumentation | 6.91 ± 1.91 | 7.79 ± 1.03 | 0.071 | 7.21 ± 1.68 | 4.15 ± 1.73 | 4.76 ± 0.95 | 0.247 | 4.36 ± 1.50 | <0.001 |
| User-friendliness | 8.28 ± 1.34 | 8.87 ± 1.08 | 0.155 | 8.48 ± 1.30 | 5.33 ± 1.64 | 5.52 ± 2.08 | 0.778 | 5.41 ± 1.77 | <0.001 |