Table 6.
Combined (intermediate + expert) mean scores for individual questions.
| Question | Mean Score ± Standard Deviation |
Percentage (%) of participants giving a satisfactory score (≥7) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active Haptic Simulator | Passive Haptic Simulator | Active Haptic Simulator | Passive Haptic Simulator | ||
|
Outer Appearance |
1. To what extent do you think the outer appearance of the knee simulator represents reality? | 5.95 ± 1.82 | 7.79 ± 1.09 | 32 | 84 |
| 2. Is it clear which joint you are operating on? | 7.00 ± 2.19 | 9.08 ± 1.10 | 58 | 100 | |
| 3. Is it clear which portals are being used? | 6.87 ± 2.34 | 8.39 ± 1.46 | 55 | 89 | |
|
Intra-articular Appearance |
4. How realistic is the intra-articular anatomy? | 4.92 ± 2.12 | 8.00 ± 1.38 | 21 | 89 |
| 5. How realistic is the texture of the structures? | 4.34 ± 2.03 | 6.74 ± 2.27 | 16 | 66 | |
| 6. How realistic is the colour of the structures? | 4.66 ± 2.00 | 7.63 ± 1.48 | 21 | 87 | |
| 7. How realistic is the size of the structures? | 5.32 ± 1.66 | 8.11 ± 1.61 | 26 | 92 | |
| 8. How realistic is the size of the intra-articular joint space? | 4.92 ± 2.01 | 7.58 ± 1.57 | 26 | 82 | |
| 9. How realistic is the arthroscopic image? | 4.50 ± 1.80 | 7.87 ± 1.47 | 13 | 87 | |
|
Instrumentation |
10. How realistic do the instruments look? | 5.42 ± 2.04 | 8.21 ± 1.34 | 34 | 84 |
| 11. How realistic is the motion of the instruments? | 4.79 ± 1.76 | 7.92 ± 6.58 | 13 | 87 | |
| 12. How realistic does the cartilage feel when you are probing (femoral condyle, tibial plateau)? | 4.18 ± 2.10 | 6.58 ± 2.39 | 11 | 63 | |
| 13. How realistic do the intra-articular ligaments feel (ACL, PCL)? | 4.11 ± 2.00 | 6.89 ± 2.18 | 16 | 58 | |
| 14. How realistic does the meniscus feel? | 3.74 ± 1.67 | 6.79 ± 2.30 | 8 | 55 | |
| 15. How realistic is the feedback from the intra-articular structures? | 3.89 ± 2.01 | 6.87 ± 2.22 | 11 | 66 | |
|
User-friendliness |
16. How clear are the instructions to start an exercise on the simulator? | 5.87 ± 1.88 | 8.42 ± 1.50 | 32 | 89 |
| 17. How clear is the presentation of your performance on the simulator? | 5.24 ± 1.81 | 8.74 ± 1.37 | 24 | 87 | |
| 18. Is it clear how you can improve your performance? | 5.13 ± 2.17 | 8.29 ± 1.37 | 29 | 87 | |
| 19. How motivating is the way the results are presented? | 5.34 ± 1.91 |
8.47 ± 1.33 | 24 | 89 | |