Table 3.
Association of race and baseline eGFR with odds of incident AKI post-PCI
| Variables | Incident AKI | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Odds Ratio | 95% Confidence Interval | P Value | |
| No. of events/no. of patients | 865/9422 | ||
| Race | <0.001 | ||
| White | Reference | Reference | |
| Black | 1.79 | 1.48 to 2.15 | |
| Other | 1.30 | 0.93 to 1.83 | |
| Baseline eGFR, ml/min per 1.73 m2 | <0.001 | ||
| ≥90 | Reference | Reference | |
| 60 to <90 | 0.90 | 0.71 to 1.14 | |
| 30 to <60 | 2.29 | 1.77 to 2.97 | |
| 15 to <30 | 5.77 | 3.96 to 8.41 | |
| <15 | 15.71 | 9.97 to 24.77 | |
| Interaction of race and baseline eGFR | NA | NA | 0.75 |
AKI is defined as a 1.5-fold or greater relative elevation in serum creatinine from a reference value to the highest value within 7 d after PCI or a 0.3 mg/dl absolute increase in serum creatinine from the reference value within 48 h after the date and time of PCI.
Baseline eGFR, calculated from serum creatinine using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation.
Additional model covariates include demographics: yr of index PCI; sex (male versus female); age; tobacco use. PCI procedural characteristics: PCI setting (elective versus nonelective); number of stents placed; contrast volume; systolic and diastolic BP, mm Hg. Medication use: RAAS inhibitors, diuretics, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Periprocedural AKI prophylaxis: administration of intravascular fluid and N-acetylcysteine. Comorbidities: body mass index, kg/m2; acute coronary status pre-CATH (ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-STEMI, MI unspecified, unstable angina); pre-existing cardiovascular disease (prior MI, prior PCI, prior coronary artery bypass grafting, history of angina, congestive heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, carotid bruits); history of hyperlipidemia; diabetes and diabetes with end organ damage. Socioeconomic status: marital status (married or life partner versus other); median household income.
OR, 95% CIs, and P values for race and baseline eGFR are from a main effects model. The interaction P value is from a model incorporating a crossproduct of AKI with baseline eGFR.