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The time-resolved UC photoluminescence of the branching of 1G4–3F4 transition from 1G4 manifolds of Tm3+ in silica–calcia matrix doped with: (a) different Yb3+ concentrations (1, 2, 3, and 4 mol%) and the same Tm3+ concentration (0.15 mol%); (b) different Tm3+ concentrations (0.15, 0.3, and 0.5 mol%) and the same Yb3+ concentration (4 mol%).
