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. 2020 Oct 29;3(1):vdaa149. doi: 10.1093/noajnl/vdaa149

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© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press, the Society for Neuro-Oncology and the European Association of Neuro-Oncology.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 1. — Glioma cells require glutamine for cell proliferation. (A) Colony-forming assays were performed in glioma cells cultivated in glutamine-free media. (B and C) U251 were cultivated in glutamine-free media (24 h) and cell cycle and protein expression were analyzed. (D) U251 cell growth cultivated in glutamine-free media supplemented with Glu. (E and F) Constitutive and transient shRNA and siRNA-mediated GLS silencing, respectively. GLS protein expression was analyzed by Western blot. Cell viability was conducted over 7 days (shRNA) or 3 days after transfection (siRNA). *P < .05; **P < .01; ***P < .001; ****P < .0001 versus Control. Gln: glutamine. Glu: glutamate. siNT: small interfering Non-target control. Gln (+): glutamine (4 mM). Gln (−): glutamine-free media. Glu: glutamate.