Table 2.
KMSK Scores: Maximal Exposure to Specific Substances
| KMSK Scorea | Opioid Dependence Diagnosis (OD) | Non-Opioid Dependent (NOD) | Healthy Controls (HC) | Kruskal–Wallis Test of KMSK Scores (Dunn’s Tests) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median (±IQR) | Subjects ≥ Cutpoint/Total (%)b | Median (±IQR) | Subjects ≥ Cutpoint/Total (%)b | Median (±IQR) | Subjects ≥ Cutpoint/Total (%)b | ||
| Heroinb Range: 0–13 |
9 (8–10) | 158/173 (91%) | 5 (4–6) | 80/150 (57%) | 0 (0–0) | 0/107 (0%) | Kruskal–Wallis statistic= 323.0; p<0.0001 (OD>NOD>HC) |
| Cocaine Range: 0–16 |
10 (12–15) | 147/172 (86%) | 6 (8–11) | 69/149 (46%) | 0 (0–0) | 0/107 (0%) | Kruskal–Wallis statistic= 236.6; p<0.0001 (OD>NOD>HC) |
| Alcohol KMSK score Range: 0–13 |
12 (10–13) | 132/157 (84%) | 11 (10–12) | 113/141 (80%) | 10 (9–11) | 65/94 (69%) | Kruskal–Wallis statistic= 46.02; p<0.0001 (OD>NOD>HC) |
Notes: Total N differs from Table 1, due to some missing KMSK scores for each drug. aKMSK scores are on an ordinal integer scale for each drug, focusing on the period in a subject’s life when use is the heaviest. A score=0 indicates no lifetime use of the substance, and greater scores indicate progressively greater exposure. bCutpoint KMSK scores with optimal concurrent validity for the respective DSM-IV Dependence Diagnosis. Heroin cutpoint score ≥6; Cocaine cutpoint score≥9; Alcohol cutpoint score ≥10.