Table 5.

Risk factor distribution.

No.	Risk factor	Biofilm formation (n, %)		p value (p < 0.05)	OR	95% CI
		Positive	Negative
1	Gender
	Male	21 (50)	21 (50)	≤0.001	0.136	0.052–0.352
	Female	59 (88)	8 (12)
2	Age
	≥60 y.o.	40 (80)	10 (20)	0.151	1.900	0.786–4.591
	<60 y.o.	40 (68)	19 (32)
3	Diabetes mellitus
	Positive	17 (71)	7 (29)	0.748	0.848	0.310–2.317
	Negative	63 (74)	22 (26)
4	Antibiotics
	Without AB	27 (79)	7 (21)	0.338	1.601	0.608–4.218
	With AB	53 (71)	22 (29)
5	Duration
	≥5 days	56 (84)	11 (16)	0.002	0.262	0.108–0.637
	<5 days	24 (57)	18 (43)
6	Bacteriuria before catheterization
	Positive	31 (84)	6 (16)	0.078	2.425	0.888–6.624
	Negative	49 (68)	23 (32)