Diminished hippocampal mitochondrial gene expression is evident in aged NRF2KO mice: expression of (A) Mt-ND1 and (B) Mt-CO1 with age in all mice. A similar trend was observed in Mt-ATP6. There was a significant interaction between age and genotype for both Mt-ND1 and Mt-CO1. A full description of the statistical analysis can be found in Supplementary Tables 5–7. In the 18-month-old animals, both control and CAW-treated WT mice had significantly higher expression of Mt-ND1 than NRF2KO mice. CAW-treated WT mice also had significantly higher expression of Mt-CO1 than NRF2KO mice. A similar trend was observed for Mt-ATP6 as well. *p < 0.05; n = 8–15 per group. Abbreviations: CAW, water extract of Centella asiatica; Mt-ATP6, mitochondrially encoded ATP synthase membrane subunit 6; Mt-CO1,mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase 1; Mt-ND1, mitochondrially encoded NADH dehydrogenase 1NRF2KO, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 knockout; WT, wild type.