Table 1.
Descriptive Statistics of Individual- and County-Level Variables, by Race/Ethnicity (Weighted Age- and Gender-Adjusted)
| Individuals 18-to-29 years old | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||
| White | Latino | Asian | Black | ||||
| 888 | 749 | 497 | 1,160 | ||||
|
| |||||||
| Dependent Service Use Variables | |||||||
| Any Last Year MH Tx | 12.5% | 4.0% | *** | 2.1% | *** | 5.0% | *** |
| Any Last Year Specialist MH Tx | 7.9% | 2.6% | *** | 1.4% | *** | 3.8% | ** |
|
| |||||||
| Individual-Level Covariates | |||||||
| Socio-demographic | |||||||
| Marital Status | |||||||
| Married/Cohabitating | 31.2% | 52.3% | *** | 30.7% | 25.4% | * | |
| Separated/Widowed/Divorced | 4.4% | 4.0% | 1.7% | * | 3.7% | ||
| Never Married | 64.4% | 43.7% | *** | 67.6% | 71.0% | * | |
| Education | |||||||
| 0–11 years | 12.2% | 39.1% | *** | 8.5% | 20.3% | *** | |
| 12 years | 28.9% | 31.5% | 20.9% | * | 44.8% | *** | |
| 13–15 years | 39.7% | 22.5% | *** | 27.5% | ** | 26.5% | *** |
| 16+ years | 19.2% | 6.9% | *** | 43.1% | *** | 8.4% | *** |
| Family Income < FPL | 18.0% | 26.6% | * | 20.3% | 32.2% | *** | |
| Work Status | |||||||
| Employed | 75.7% | 75.4% | 69.0% | * | 67.0% | ** | |
| Student | 12.9% | 5.8% | ** | 17.7% | 11.7% | ||
| Homemaker | 4.1% | 7.1% | 2.7% | 1.8% | * | ||
| Unemployed | 5.0% | 9.3% | * | 9.1% | 17.0% | *** | |
| Perm Disabled/Other | 2.3% | 2.4% | 1.6% | 2.5% | |||
| Insurance Status | |||||||
| Uninsured | 17.5% | 43.9% | *** | 17.0% | 25.8% | ** | |
| Private Insurance | 71.0% | 38.2% | *** | 64.3% | 55.6% | *** | |
| Public | 11.5% | 17.8% | * | 18.8% | * | 18.7% | ** |
| Health Status | |||||||
| Past 12-month MH Disorder | 29.7% | 17.5% | *** | 14.5% | *** | 20.1% | *** |
| Any Chronic Physical Condition | 30.2% | 22.9% | * | 17.5% | *** | 30.0% | |
| WHO-DAS Disability Items | |||||||
| Days Out of Role | 0.22 | 0.16 | 0.08 | * | 0.60 | ** | |
|
| |||||||
| County-level Covariates | |||||||
| County-Level Supply Variables | |||||||
| County with Community MH Center | 41.4% | 56.3% | 60.8% | * | 59.0% | * | |
| Density of Specialty MH Providers Per 10k | 19.29 | 28.53 | *** | 30.07 | *** | 29.30 | *** |
| HMO Penetration % | 24.9% | 31.7% | 41.4% | *** | 25.8% | ||
| Density of Specialty MH Providers Less than 35 Per 10k | 0.10 | 0.14 | 0.19 | *** | 0.20 | *** | |
| Density of Hospitals with Community and/or Teen Outreach Services Per 10k | 0.13 | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.10 | |||
| Density of Hospitals with Child Wellness Program Per 10k | 0.05 | 0.02 | * | 0.02 | 0.03 | ||
| Density of Hospitals with Alc/Drug Abuse Inpatient Care Per 10k | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.02 | |||
| Density of Hospitals with Alc/Drug Abuse Outpatient Care Per 10k | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.03 | |||
| Density of Hospitals with Emergency Department Per 10k | 0.16 | 0.09 | ** | 0.08 | *** | 0.12 | |
| Density of Hospitals with Ling/Translation Services Per 10k | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.05 | |||
| County-Level Socio-Demographic Characteristics | |||||||
| Urban County with >1 million persons | 39.4% | 61.3% | * | 79.6% | *** | 66.3% | *** |
| Percent Persons with Family Income <FPL | 10.76 | 15.60 | ** | 11.39 | 13.98 | *** | |
| Unemployment Rate, 16+ | 5.25 | 7.91 | ** | 6.46 | ** | 6.33 | * |
| County-Level Mental Health Prevalence | |||||||
| Mental Health Disorder rate | 18.73 | 17.59 | ** | 16.53 | *** | 17.25 | *** |
Note: Asterisks indicate significant differences from White respondents;
*
p<.05
**
p<.01
***
p<.001
Abbreviations: MH = mental health; Tx = treatment; FPL = federal poverty level; WHO-DAS = World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule; HMO = health maintenance organization; 10k = 10,000 people