Table 3.
Multi-Level Logistic Regression Models of Mental Health Care Reporting Coefficients of County-Level Supply Variables and their interactions with Race/Ethnicity
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Past 12-month Any Formal Mental Health Treatment | ||||||||
|
| ||||||||
| Null Model between variance | 0.26 | |||||||
|
| ||||||||
| County with Community Mental Health Center | −0.69 | + | 0.34 | −0.87 | * | 0.39 | ||
| interaction with Latino Ethnicity | 1.09 | −0.56 | 1.16 | −0.77 | ||||
| interaction with Asian Race | 1.65 | 0.36 | 1.74 | −0.12 | ||||
| interaction with Black Race | 3.07 | * | 1.63 | 3.29 | * | 1.13 | ||
| Between county Variance | 0.36 | 0.26 | 0.36 | 0.18 | ||||
| p-value of F-test (White=Latino=Asian=Black) | 0.1649 | 0.7679 | 0.1217 | 0.8341 | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Density of Specialty Mental Health Provider Per 10k | −0.01 | 0.00 | −0.01 | 0.00 | ||||
| interaction with Latino Ethnicity | −0.01 | −0.05 | −0.01 | −0.07 | + | |||
| interaction with Asian Race | 0.02 | −0.01 | 0.02 | −0.03 | ||||
| interaction with Black Race | 0.05 | + | 0.03 | 0.05 | + | 0.02 | ||
| Between county Variance | 0.40 | 0.32 | 0.39 | 0.21 | ||||
| p-value of F-test (White=Latino=Asian=Black) | 0.3643 | 0.4144 | 0.2956 | 0.2706 | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| HMO Penetration % | −0.62 | −0.95 | −0.86 | −1.73 | ||||
| interaction with Latino Ethnicity | −0.85 | −3.63 | −1.07 | −5.15 | + | |||
| interaction with Asian Race | 6.89 | 2.02 | 6.83 | 1.01 | ||||
| interaction with Black Race | 6.18 | + | 4.10 | 6.39 | + | 2.94 | ||
| Between county Variance | 0.35 | 0.24 | 0.34 | 0.15 | ||||
| p-value of F-test (White=Latino=Asian=Black) | 0.2732 | 0.4255 | 0.2324 | 0.3213 | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Density of Specialty MH Providers Less than 35 Per 10k | −1.50 | 0.39 | −1.69 | 0.47 | ||||
| interaction with Latino Ethnicity | 0.88 | −4.19 | 0.97 | −5.91 | ||||
| interaction with Asian Race | 2.20 | −0.69 | 2.33 | −0.95 | ||||
| interaction with Black Race | 2.75 | 0.99 | 2.98 | 0.93 | ||||
| Between county Variance | 0.41 | 0.29 | 0.41 | 0.19 | ||||
| p-value of F-test (White=Latino=Asian=Black) | 0.7630 | 0.8947 | 0.7241 | 0.8516 | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Density of Hospitals with Community and/or Teen Outreach Services Per 10k | −0.07 | −0.48 | −0.05 | 1.23 | ||||
| interaction with Latino Ethnicity | 1.39 | 6.90 | 2.11 | 8.34 | + | |||
| interaction with Asian Race | −21.01 | −16.96 | −21.47 | −18.61 | ||||
| interaction with Black Race | 3.64 | 3.71 | 3.74 | 1.69 | ||||
| Between county Variance | 0.41 | 0.35 | 0.40 | 0.15 | ||||
| p-value of F-test (White=Latino=Asian=Black) | 0.6175 | 0.3907 | 0.5741 | 0.3681 | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Density of Hospitals with Child Wellness Program Per 10k | −6.76 | *** | −7.39 | *** | −6.90 | *** | −7.09 | *** |
| interaction with Latino Ethnicity | −1.91 | −2.51 | −1.92 | −9.12 | ||||
| interaction with Asian Race | −4.63 | 13.57 | −4.07 | 11.98 | ||||
| interaction with Black Race | 11.45 | *** | 13.15 | ** | 11.40 | ** | 13.07 | ** |
| Between county Variance | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||
| p-value of F-test (White=Latino=Asian=Black) | 0.0118 | 0.0145 | 0.0128 | 0.0258 | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Density of Hospitals with Alc/Drug Abuse Inpatient Care Per 10k | −8.86 | + | −13.54 | * | −9.89 | + | −11.07 | |
| interaction with Latino Ethnicity | 13.82 | * | 21.16 | ** | 14.82 | * | 20.76 | ** |
| interaction with Asian Race | 34.28 | 23.63 | 35.32 | 19.12 | ||||
| interaction with Black Race | 18.32 | 14.57 | 20.79 | 11.42 | ||||
| Between county Variance | 0.44 | 0.33 | 0.40 | 0.19 | ||||
| p-value of F-test (White=Latino=Asian=Black) | 0.1673 | 0.0272 | 0.1386 | 0.0533 | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Density of Hospitals with Alc/Drug Abuse Outpatient Care Per 10k | −1.90 | 1.10 | −2.13 | + | 2.75 | |||
| interaction with Latino Ethnicity | 7.60 | * | 7.33 | + | 8.15 | * | 8.43 | + |
| interaction with Asian Race | 4.11 | 5.21 | 4.38 | 6.32 | ||||
| interaction with Black Race | 9.57 | 2.03 | 10.04 | −3.03 | ||||
| Between county Variance | 0.43 | 0.34 | 0.41 | 0.23 | ||||
| p-value of F-test (White=Latino=Asian=Black) | 0.1179 | 0.3992 | 0.0853 | 0.3194 | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Density of Hospitals with Emergency Department Per 10k | −1.33 | *** | −2.81 | *** | −1.33 | ** | −2.16 | + |
| interaction with Latino Ethnicity | 2.44 | 10.29 | * | 2.44 | 11.29 | * | ||
| interaction with Asian Race | −31.86 | −9.79 | −31.87 | −11.02 | ||||
| interaction with Black Race | 0.72 | 3.44 | 0.72 | 2.99 | ||||
| Between county Variance | 0.29 | 0.04 | 0.29 | 0.05 | ||||
| p-value of F-test (White=Latino=Asian=Black) | 0.9015 | 0.0963 | 0.9017 | 0.1239 | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Density of Hospitals with Ling/Translation Services Per 10k | −5.78 | *** | −5.76 | *** | −5.85 | *** | −5.06 | *** |
| interaction with Latino Ethnicity | 8.71 | * | 12.28 | ** | 9.17 | ** | 13.69 | ** |
| interaction with Asian Race | −2.89 | 17.93 | −2.87 | 17.84 | ||||
| interaction with Black Race | 13.54 | 8.85 | 13.75 | + | 5.37 | |||
| Between county Variance | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.02 | ||||
| p-value of F-test (White=Latino=Asian=Black) | 0.0325 | 0.0198 | 0.0244 | 0.0187 | ||||
+
p<0.1
*
p<.05
**
p<.01
***
p<.001
Model 1 includes size of the county, and race/ethnicity and county-level supply variable main effects
Model 2 includes covariates from Model 1 plus individual-level covariates
Model 3 includes covariates from Model 1 plus county-level covariates
Model 4 includes covariates from Model 1 plus county- and individual-level covariates.
Race/ethnicity indicator variables, individual-level covariates and county-level covariates are centered around their sample mean