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. 2021 Feb 16;8:611729. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.611729

Table 5.

Responsiveness during and between treatments of the EquiSed, NRS, SDS, VAS sedation, and HHAG% in horses treated with acepromazine or detomidine alone or associated with methadone.

Moments
Scales Baseline Peak of sedation Intermediate sedation End of sedation
Items Median Amplitude Median Amplitude Median Amplitude Median Amplitude
NRS ACPL 2cAB 1–5 2bcC 1–6 3aB 1–6 2bB 1–5
ACPH 1bB 0–6 4aB 1–7 4aB 1–7 4aA 1–7
DL 2bcA 1–7 5aB 2–9 3bB 1–8 2cBC 1–5
DLM 1cB 0–6 5aB 1–8 3bB 1–7 2cC 1–4
DH 2cAB 0–6 7aA 5–9 4bA 2–8 2cC 1–5
DHM 2cAB 1–5 8aA 4–10 6bA 2–8 2cBC 1–5
All 2d 0–7 5a 1–10 4b 1–8 2c 1–7
SDS ACPL 1b 0–2 1abC 0–2 1aC 0–2 1abAB 0–2
ACPH 0b 0–2 1aB 0–2 1aBC 0–2 1aA 0–2
DL 1bc 0–2 2aB 0–3 1bC 0–2 1cB 0–2
DLM 0c 0–2 2aB 0–3 1bC 0–2 1cB 0–1
DH 1c 0–2 2aA 1–3 1bAB 0–2 1cB 0–2
DHM 1b 0–2 2aA 1–3 2aA 0–3 1bB 0–2
All 1c 0–2 2a 0–3 1b 0–3 1c 0–2
Ears ACPL 1 0–2 1C 0–2 1B 0–3 1 0–2
ACPH 1 0–3 1B 0–3 1B 0–3 1 0–3
DL 1b 0–2 1aB 1–3 1abB 0–2 1b 0–3
DLM 1b 0–3 1aB 0–3 1abB 0–3 1b 0–3
DH 1b 0–3 2aA 0–3 1bAB 0–2 1b 0–3
DHM 1b 0–2 2aA 1–3 2aA 0–3 1b 0–2
All 1c 0–3 2a 0–3 1b 0–3 1c 0–3
Thoracic ACPL 0 0–3 0C 0–3 0AB 0–3 0A 0–3
limb ACPH 0 0–3 0ABC 0–3 0A 0–3 0A 0–3
DL 0 0–3 0C 0–3 0AB 0–3 0AB 0–2
DLM 0 0–2 0BC 0–3 0AB 0–1 0AB 0–2
DH 0b 0–2 3aAB 0–3 0bB 0–1 0bB 0–1
DHM 0b 0–1 2aA 0–3 0bAB 0–2 0bB 0–1
All 0b 0–3 0a 0–3 0b 0–3 0b 0–3
Pelvic ACPL 0 0–1 0C 0–2 0AB 0–2 0AB 0–2
limb ACPH 0 0–2 0C 0–1 0B 0–2 0AB 0–2
DL 0 0–1 0C 0–1 0B 0–1 0B 0–0
DLM 0b 0–1 0aBC 0–1 0abB 0–1 0bB 0–1
DH 0b 0–1 1aAB 0–2 0bAB 0–1 0bB 0–1
DHM 0b 0–1 2aA 0–3 0bA 0–2 0bA 0–1
All 0b 0–2 0a 0–3 0b 0–2 0b 0–2
Postural ACPL 0bC 0–1 1aC 0–2 1aABC 0–2 1aAB 0–2
instability ACPH 0bBC 0–1 1aBC 0–2 1aBC 0–2 1aA 0–2
DL 1abA 0–1 1aB 0–2 1abBC 0–1 0bBC 0–2
DLM 0bABC 0–2 1aB 0–2 1bB 0–1 0bC 0–1
DH 1cAB 0–1 2aA 0–2 1bAC 0–2 0cBC 0–1
DHM 0cABC 0–2 2aA 0–3 1bA 0–2 0cBC 0–2
All 0c 0–2 1a 0–3 1b 0–2 0c 0–2
Auditory ACPL 2b 0–3 2aC 1–3 2aB 1–3 2abAB 1–3
ACPH 2b 1–3 2aBC 1–3 2aB 0–3 2aAB 1–3
DL 2b 0–3 3aA 2–3 2abB 1–3 2bB 1–3
DLM 2b 0–3 3aA 1–3 2aB 1–3 2bAB 1–3
DH 2b 1–3 3aA 1–3 3aA 1–3 2bAB 0–3
DHM 2b 0–3 3aAB 1–3 3aA 2–3 2bA 1–3
All 2c 0–3 3a 1–3 2a 0–3 2b 0–3
Visual ACPL 1 0–3 1C 1–3 1C 1–3 2AB 0–3
ACPH 1b 0–3 2aBC 1–3 2aBC 0–3 2aA 0–3
DL 1c 0–2 2aB 0–3 2abBC 0–3 1bcB 0–3
DLM 1b 0–3 2aB 0–3 2aAB 0–3 1bB 0–3
DH 2b 1–3 3aA 1–3 3aAB 1–3 2bAB 0–3
DHM 2b 0–3 3aA 2–3 3aA 1–3 1bB 0–2
All 1c 0–3 2a 0–3 2a 0–3 2b 0–3
EquiSed ACPL 5b 1–10 6aC 3–12 6aB 3–14 6aAB 2–12
ACPH 4,5b 1–15 7aB 3–15 7aB 2–13 7aA 3–14
DL 5,5c 2–12 7aB 5–14 6bB 2–12 5cBC 2–9
DLM 4c 1–10 7aB 3–14 7bB 1–11 4,5cC 1–8
DH 6c 2–10 11aA 7–16 8bAB 3–11 5cBC 2–9
DHM 5c 2–11 12aA 9–16 8,5bA 5–15 5cBC 2–10
All 5d 1–15 9a 3–16 7b 1–15 5c 1–14
VAS sedation ACPL 7c 0–50 14bcC 0–59 24aB 0–62 19bAB 0–51
ACPH 6b 0–60 36aB 0–64 31aB 0–67 28aA 0–77
DL 15bc 0–61 47aB 2–83 22bB 0–73 10cBC 0–56
DLM 6c 0–52 48aB 0–82 22bB 0–86 9cC 0–36
DH 6c 0–52 70aA 44–99 40bA 14–81 7cC 0–46
DHM 7c 0–47 76aA 31–99 55bA 4–80 11cBC 0–54
All 7d 0–61 49a 0–99 32b 0–86 14c 0–77
VAS postural instability ACPL 0cB 0–16 3bcD 0–31 10aBC 0–53 5abAB 0–30
ACPH 0bB 0–22 12aC 0–65 10aBC 0–47 10aA 0–66
DL 7bA 0–30 12aC 0–74 7bC 0–41 2bB 0–43
DLM 1bcAB 0–30 17aBC 0–62 6bC 0–39 0cB 0–25
DH 0cAB 0–24 28aA 0–85 15bAB 0–77 3cB 0–22
DHM 1cAB 0–37 41aAB 7–92 15bA 0–69 2cAB 0–51
All 0.5c 0–37 15a 0–92 10b 0–77 3c 0–66
Height Head Above the Ground%* ACPL 100a 100–100 89abA 27–100 84bAB 81–90 95ab 71–103
ACPH 100a 100–100 66bAB 53–91 82abAB 50–102 92ab 68–105
DL 100a 100–100 53bAB 22–71 93abA 44–105 103a 83–110
DLM 100a 100–100 64bAB 29–89 85abAB 47–95 100a 96–107
DH 100a 100–100 27bB 18–47 60abB 27–80 100a 86–105
DHM 100a 100–100 29bB 14–74 68abAB 26–95 102a 84–147
All 100a 100–100 53b 14–100 82b 26–105 100a 68–147

EquiSed—Numerical composite sedation scale in horses, NRS—Numerical rating scale, SDS—Simple descriptive scale, VAS—Visual analog scale; ACPL + ACPH (acepromazine in low and high doses); DL + DLM (detomidine in low and high doses); DH + DHM (detomidine in low and high doses);

*

data obtained from a previously published article (18). Different lower-case letters represent statistical differences over time (p < 0.05) (a> b> c). Different capital letters represent statistical differences between treatments (p < 0.05) (A>B>C).