Table 2.
The comparison of the prevalence of depression and anxiety between the first and second surveys.
| Variables | Depression (CES-D > 15) n = 5713 | Anxiety (GAD-7 > 4) n = 3240 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The first survey | The second survey | X2 | P value | The first survey | The second survey | X2 | P value | |
| Gender | ||||||||
| male | 1514 (33.1) | 962 (54.8) | 252.31 | <0.001 | 759 (16.6) | 614 (35.0) | 253.41 | <0.001 |
| female | 1984 (39.9) | 1253 (58.8) | 215.16 | <0.001 | 1,055 (21.2) | 812 (38.1) | 219.85 | <0.001 |
| Age (years) | ||||||||
| 11–15 | 1745 (31.1) | 721 (50.6) | 188.68 | <0.001 | 872 (15.6) | 465 (32.6) | 214.82 | <0.001 |
| 16–20 | 1753 (44.4) | 1494 (60.7) | 161.45 | <0.001 | 942 (23.9) | 961 (39.1) | 167.66 | <0.001 |
| Grade | ||||||||
| Junior secondary school | 1693 (31.0) | 617 (48.9) | 145.24 | <0.001 | 848 (15.5) | 414 (32.8) | 200.48 | <0.001 |
| Senior secondary school | 1805 (44.1) | 1598 (60.9) | 181.04 | <0.001 | 966 (23.6) | 1,012 (38.6) | 172.70 | <0.001 |
| School type | ||||||||
| Provincial key schools | 223 (36.9) | 158 (58.7) | 36.01 | <0.001 | 138 (22.8) | 124 (46.1) | 47.89 | <0.001 |
| Municipal key schools | 537 (32.4) | 204 (55.4) | 68.68 | <0.001 | 319 (19.3) | 133 (36.1) | 49.45 | <0.001 |
| Ordinary schools | 1891 (35.1) | 1742 (58.1) | 413.57 | <0.001 | 947 (17.6) | 1103 (36.8) | 383.93 | <0.001 |
| Vocational schools | 847 (44.4) | 111 (44.6) | 0.003 | 0.956 | 410 (21.5) | 66 (26.5) | 3.224 | 0.073 |
| Major class | 799 (32.7) | 657 (63.7) | 285.62 | <0.001 | 493 (20.2) | 417 (40.4) | 153.56 | <0.001 |
| Sleep duration/day | ||||||||
| <6 h | 283 (63.5) | 322 (75.9) | 16.01 | <0.001 | 185 (41.5) | 233 (55.0) | 15.81 | <0.001 |
| 6–8 h | 2089 (39.0) | 1626 (57.3) | 252.07 | <0.001 | 1085 (20.2) | 1029 (36.3) | 249.18 | <0.001 |
| >8 h | 1126 (30.0) | 267 (42.7) | 39.35 | <0.001 | 544 (14.5) | 164 (26.2) | 54.02 | <0.001 |
| Study duration/day | ||||||||
| <4 h | 704 (45.7) | 163 (50.9) | 2.97 | 0.085 | 341 (22.1) | 105 (32.8) | 16.65 | <0.001 |
| 4–8 h | 1711 (34.3) | 1298 (54.4) | 270.35 | <0.001 | 862 (17.3) | 796 (33.3) | 239.77 | <0.001 |
| >8 h | 1083 (35.9) | 695 (64.8) | 269.47 | <0.001 | 611 (20.3) | 479 (44.7) | 241.47 | <0.001 |
| Exercise duration/day | ||||||||
| <30 min | 1924 (43.8) | 1.232 (65.5) | 247.84 | <0.001 | 999 (22.7) | 799 (42.5) | 250.76 | <0.001 |
| 30–60 min | 1289 (30.3) | 777 (48.9) | 174.43 | <0.001 | 651 (15.3) | 492 (31.0) | 179.82 | <0.001 |
| >60 min | 285 (31.3) | 206 (49.5) | 40.92 | <0.001 | 164 (18.0) | 135 (32.5) | 34.29 | <0.001 |
| Change of study efficiency | ||||||||
| Lower than before | 1449 (47.1) | 1605 (61.8) | 122.36 | <0.001 | 791 (25.7) | 1032 (39.7) | 126.97 | <0.001 |
| About the same | 1751 (31.7) | 514 (47.0) | 94.83 | <0.001 | 849 (15.4) | 332 (30.4) | 139.76 | <0.001 |
| Higher than before | 298 (31.1) | 96 (49.0) | 23.21 | <0.001 | 174 (18.1) | 62 (31.6) | 18.21 | <0.001 |
| No. of COVID-19 cases at provincial level | ||||||||
| 10–99 | 21 (58.3) | 4 (66.7) | 0.15 | 0.700 | 17 (47.2) | 2 (33.3) | 0.40 | 0.527 |
| 100–999 | 2721 (37.2) | 2067 (58.2) | 424.92 | 0.002 | 1415 (19.4) | 1332 (37.5) | 415.41 | <0.001 |
| 1000–9999 | 560 (33.1) | 91 (44.2) | 9.92 | <0.001 | 277 (16.4) | 53 (25.7) | 11.14 | 0.001 |
| >10,000 | 196 (37.5) | 53 (43.8) | 1.62 | 0.203 | 105 (20.1) | 39 (32.2) | 8.30 | 0.004 |
| Participating in distance learning | 3181 (35.5) | 2156 (57.0) | 504.96 | <0.001 | 1672 (18.7) | 1380 (36.5) | 463.79 | <0.001 |
| Concerned about entering a higher grade | 1955 (44.9) | 1789 (62.4) | 213.09 | <0.001 | 1052 (24.1) | 1183 (41.3) | 237.32 | <0.001 |
Bolded Values: P < 0.05.
The percentages of CES-D > 15 and GAD-7 > 4 were presented as n (%).
CES-D Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale, GAD-7 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale.