Table 1.
Demographic characteristics, stratified by HIV status, RADAR, Chicago 2015–2017.
| Variable | Total (N = 684) | HIV positive (n = 195) | HIV negative (n = 489) | p | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n/mean | %/SD | n/mean | %/SD | n/mean | %/SD | ||
| Age, mean (SD) | 22.8 | 4.8 | 25.0 | 4.3 | 22.0 | 4.7 | < 0.001 |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 25.4 | 6.0 | 24.9 | 5.2 | 25.6 | 6.3 | 0.170 |
| Race/ethnicity, n (%) | < 0.001 | ||||||
| White | 157 | 23.0 | 7 | 3.6 | 150 | 30.7 | |
| Black | 292 | 42.7 | 127 | 65.1 | 165 | 33.7 | |
| Hispanic/Latinx | 203 | 29.7 | 44 | 22.6 | 159 | 32.5 | |
| Other | 32 | 4.7 | 17 | 8.7 | 15 | 3.1 | |
| Education, n(%) | 0.259 | ||||||
| < High school | 100 | 14.7 | 23 | 11.8 | 77 | 15.8 | |
| High school/GED | 165 | 24.2 | 56 | 28.7 | 109 | 22.4 | |
| Some college | 334 | 49.0 | 92 | 47.2 | 242 | 50.0 | |
| ≥ Bachelor’s | 83 | 12.2 | 24 | 12.3 | 59 | 12.1 | |
| Sexual orientation, n (%) | 0.003 | ||||||
| Gay | 483 | 70.8 | 155 | 79.5 | 328 | 67.4 | |
| Bisexual | 134 | 20.0 | 23 | 11.8 | 111 | 22.8 | |
| Other | 65 | 9.5 | 17 | 8.7 | 48 | 9.9 | |
| Gender identity, n(%) | 0.007 | ||||||
| Male | 624 | 91.5 | 172 | 88.2 | 452 | 92.8 | |
| Transgender woman | 47 | 6.9 | 22 | 11.3 | 25 | 5.2 | |
| Other | 11 | 1.6 | 1 | 0.5 | 10 | 2.1 | |
| Marijuana use frequency, n (%) | 0.002 | ||||||
| Never | 266 | 39.0 | 62 | 31.8 | 204 | 41.9 | |
| Intermittent | 159 | 23.3 | 39 | 20.0 | 120 | 24.6 | |
| Frequent | 257 | 37.7 | 94 | 48.2 | 163 | 33.5 | |
| Positive rectal STI test, n(%) | |||||||
| Gonorrhea | 68 | 10.2 | 40 | 21.4 | 28 | 5.8 | < 0.001 |
| Chlamydia | 83 | 12.4 | 40 | 21.3 | 43 | 8.9 | < 0.001 |
| Drug and alcohol use | |||||||
| Self-reported substance use1 | |||||||
| Marijuana | 491 | 72.0 | 144 | 73.9 | 347 | 71.3 | 0.496 |
| Poppers | 108 | 15.8 | 32 | 16.4 | 76 | 15.6 | 0.795 |
| Cocaine/crack | 100 | 14.7 | 37 | 19.0 | 63 | 12.9 | 0.044 |
| Ecstasy | 75 | 11.0 | 25 | 12.8 | 50 | 10.3 | 0.335 |
| Psychedelics | 28 | 4.1 | 1 | 0.5 | 27 | 5.5 | 0.003 |
| Other drug use2 | 46 | 6.7 | 19 | 9.7 | 27 | 5.5 | 0.047 |
| Urine drug screen positive3 | |||||||
| Marijuana | 297 | 44.1 | 127 | 65.8 | 170 | 35.3 | < 0.001 |
| Cocaine/crack | 38 | 5.7 | 23 | 11.9 | 15 | 3.1 | < 0.001 |
| Ecstasy/MDMA | 9 | 1.3 | 6 | 3.1 | 3 | 0.6 | 0.011 |
| Other drug use4 | 51 | 7.5 | 28 | 14.4 | 23 | 4.7 | < 0.001 |
| AUDIT4, mean (SD) | 6.0 | 5.7 | 5.8 | 6.2 | 6.1 | 5.5 | 0.437 |
| CUDIT4, mean (SD) | 6.4 | 6.4 | 7.3 | 6.5 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 0.017 |
| Tobacco use5, n(%) | 292 | 42.8 | 106 | 54.4 | 186 | 38.2 | < 0.001 |
| Biologic markers | |||||||
| Unadjusted CRP (mg/L), mean (SD) | 3.9 | 8.5 | 5.7 | 9.8 | 3.3 | 7.9 | < 0.001 |
| Log-transformed CRP, mean (SD) | 0.2 | 1.6 | 0.8 | 1.5 | 0.02 | 1.6 | < 0.001 |
| Detectable HIV viral load6 | — | — | 102 | 76.1 | — | — | — |
BMI = body mass index; STI = sexually transmitted infection; CRP = C-reactive protein.
1In the past six months.
2Other drug use includes: methamphetamines, synthetic marijuana, ketamine, GHB, inhalants, heroin.
3Note: urine drug screens unavailable for poppers and psychedelics; other urine drug screen includes: benzodiazepines, amphetamines, methamphetamines, opiates.
4Based on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Cannabis Use Disorders Identification Test (CUDIT) scoring methods; higher score indicates higher risk alcohol use.
5In the past 30 days.
6Detectable viral load defined as ≥ 50 copies/mL; viral load data available on 134 participants only.