TABLE 1.

Stem height (SH), leaf number (LN), total fresh weight (TFW), total dry weight (TDW), relative growth rate (RGR), and root stem ratio (RSR) of MdTyDc-overexpressing apple plants after 15 days under control and alkaline conditions.

Treatment	SH (cm)	LN (No. plant–1)	TFW (g plant–1)	TDW (g plant–1)	RGR (%)	RSR (%)
CK-WT	33.14 + 2.78ab	21.40 + 1.26b	9.98 + 0.58a	1.91 + 0.19a	76.92 + 6.48a	14.83 + 2.23cd
CK-OE-2	34.57 + 3.47a	21.50 + 1.51b	9.70 + 0.8a	1.84 + 0.34ab	67.11 + 11.44ab	16.19 + 3.44bcd
CK-OE-3	31.86 + 4.56ab	23.60 + 2.12a	9.57 + 1.21a	1.98 + 0.47a	73.61 + 15.91a	14.9 + 3.68cd
CK-OE-5	30.82 + 3.26b	22.10 + 1.79b	9.34 + 0.47a	1.98 + 0.23a	71.81 + 8.63a	14.26 + 2.57d
AL-WT	13.53 + 1.77e	16.20 + 1.03d	2.65 + 0.56c	0.94 + 0.15d	28.86 + 10.37d	23.43 + 4.81a
AL-OE-2	22.48 + 4.02c	17.90 + 1.91c	4.97 + 1.53b	1.52 + 0.42c	50.42 + 16.62c	19.07 + 3.79b
AL-OE-3	19.72 + 2.08d	190 + 1.76c	5.03 + 0.73b	1.53 + 0.19c	57.79 + 8.18bc	17.59 + 1.50bc
AL-OE-5	19.15 + 1.15d	18.30 + 1.25c	4.83 + 0.48b	1.6 + 0.23bc	57.72 + 8.71bc	17.24 + 2.75bcd

The data are presented as means ± SD (n = 10). Significant differences between WT and MdTyDc overexpression lines are indicated by different lowercase letters based on Tukey’s multi-range test (P < 0.05). WT, wild type. OE-2, MdTyDc overexpression line 2. OE-3, MdTyDc overexpression line 3. OE-5, MdTyDc overexpression line 5.