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. 2021 Feb 16;9:626927. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.626927

FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 1

FSH increases autophagy in porcine follicular granulosa cells. (A) Porcine follicles were cultured in the DMEM/F12 medium containing 0, 0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 IU/mL FSH for 24 h, LC3-II levels were detected in their lysates. (B) Porcine follicles were cultured in DMEM/F12 medium containing 0.01 IU/mL FSH for the indicated time, and LC3-II levels were detected in their lysates. (C) Porcine follicles were cultured with 0.01 IU/mL FSH for 24, 48, and 72 h, and LC3-II levels were assessed by immunoblotting their lysates. (D) Porcine follicles were cultured in DMEM/F12 medium containing 0.01 IU/mL FSH for 18 h and then chloroquine (10 μM) was added for a further 6 h. LC3-II levels were detected by western blotting. ∗∗, P < 0.01, and ∗, P < 0.05 compared to the control group. The value shows the ratio of LC3-II to β-actin and normalized to that of the control. (E) Electron microscopic images of autophagic vacuoles in porcine GCs of cultured follicles after treatment with 0.01 IU/mL FSH for 24 h. Autophagosomes are seen (marked by arrows) as rounded vacuolar structures with multiple membranes containing cytoplasmic contents (bars, 500 nm). N: nuclear; M: mitochondria.