Fig. 4.

Time-course effects of evogliptin and sitagliptin on mDPP4 enzymatic activity and Th1-specific cytokine expression in H9 Th1 cells. The cells were stimulated with various combinations of DPBS and PWM (10 µg/mL) and a high dose of the antidiabetic drugs, evogliptin (2 ng/mL) or sitagliptin (2 µg/mL). Cell pellets and culture supernatant were harvested at the indicated time points. The mDPP4 enzyme activity of the collected cells was immediately measured at each time point (A). The values of Th1-specific cytokines, including IL-2, IL-10, IL-13, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and GM-CSF, and VEGF in the culture supernatants were quantified simultaneously using a fluorescent multiplex bead assay (B). All analyses were repeated in three independent batches, and the data are presented as means and standard deviation.