Table 2. Percentage of Songs Referencing Mental Health in Top 25 Rap Songs Within and Across Years.
| Mental health reference | No. (%) of songsa | P valueb | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (N = 125) | Within study year | ||||||
| 1998 (n = 25) | 2003 (n = 25) | 2008 (n = 25) | 2013 (n = 25) | 2018 (n = 25) | |||
| Anxiety or anxious thinking | 35 (28) | 6 (24) | 9 (36) | 5 (20) | 7 (28) | 8 (32) | .78 |
| Depression or depressive thinking | 28 (22) | 4 (16) | 3 (12) | 4 (16) | 9 (36) | 8 (32) | .03 |
| Mental health metaphor | 26 (21) | 2 (8) | 2 (8) | 5 (20) | 6 (24) | 11 (44) | <.001 |
| Suicide or suicidal ideation | 8 (6) | 0 | 0 | 2 (8) | 3 (12) | 3 (12) | .02 |
a
Coding categories are not mutually exclusive. A song can have references to more than 1 mental health category, thus rows and columns will not sum to 100.
b
Cochran-Armitage test for linear trends in proportions used to test for increases over time within mental health category.