| CHs | chromosomal heteromorphisms |
| CNVs | submicroscopic copy number variants |
| EVs | euchromatic variants |
| HOR | higher-order repeat |
| invs/ins/indels/invdups | small-scale insertion/inversion/deletion/duplication polymorphisms |
| ITSs | interstitial telomeric sequences |
| LINEs | long interspersed nuclear elements |
| lncRNAs | long non-coding RNAs |
| ncRNAs | non-coding RNAs |
| NumtS | Polymorphic mitochondrial insertions |
| pir | PIWI-interacting RNA |
| PTGs | protein-coding genes |
| SINEs | short interspersed nuclear elements |
| SNPs | single nucleotide polymorphisms |
| sSMC | small supernumerary marker chromosomes |
| SSREs | small-scale repetitive elements |
| VNTRs | variable number of tandem repeats |