Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population and comparison between patients with and without post-concussion syndrome (≥3 of the core post-concussion symptoms).
| Characteristic | Group | Total (n = 1282) | No PCS (n = 1000) | PCS (n = 282) | Respondents (Weighted) a |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years, mean (SD) | 61.9 (15.7) | 61.5 (15.6) | 63.1 (16.1) | 60.9 (15.2) | |
| Sex, n | Male | 595 (46.4%) | 476 (47.6%) | 119 (42.2%) | 44.1% |
| Female | 687 (53.6%) | 524 (52.4%) | 163 (57.8%) | 55.9% | |
| Educational level, n b | Low | 506 (39.5%) | 371 (37.1%) | 135 (47.9%) | 38.7% |
| Middle | 338 (26.4%) | 270 (27.0%) | 68 (24.1%) | 31.8% | |
| High | 367 (28.6%) | 306 (30.6%) | 61 (21.6%) | 29.5% | |
| Living situation, n c | Alone | 317 (24.7%) | 239 (23.9%) | 78 (27.7%) | 29.3% |
| Not alone | 948 (73.9%) | 748 (74.8%) | 200 (70.9%) | 70.7% | |
| Injury mechanism, n | Home and leisure accident | 700 (54.6%) | 553 (55.3%) | 147 (52.1%) | 58.6% |
| Road traffic accident | 350 (27.3%) | 253 (25.3%) | 97 (34.4%) | 23.7% | |
| Sports accident | 155 (12.1%) | 137 (13.7%) | 18 (6.4%) | 10.6% | |
| Occupational accident | 77 (6.0%) | 57 (5.7%) | 20 (7.1%) | 7.1% | |
| Type of injury, n | Head injury | 236 (18.4%) | 169 (16.9%) | 67 (23.8%) | 13.0% |
| Other injuries | 1046 (81.6%) | 831 (83.1%) | 224 (76.2%) | 87.0% | |
| Chronic disease, n d | No chronic disease | 712 (55.5%) | 609 (60.9%) | 103 (36.5%) | 54.5% |
| 1 chronic disease | 350 (27.3%) | 251 (25.1%) | 99 (35.1%) | 25.5% | |
| 2 or more chronic diseases | 188 (14.7%) | 112 (11.2%) | 76 (27.0%) | 20.0% | |
| Post-concussion syndrome (PCS) | Yes | 282 (22.0%) | 19.3% | ||
| No | 1000 (78.0%) | 80.7% | |||
| RPQ total score | |||||
| mean (SD) | 4.9 (7.8) | 1.5 (2.7) | 17.0 (8.2) | 4.5 (7.6) | |
| median (IQR) | 0 (0–7) | 0 (0–2) | 15 (11–21) | 0 (0–6) |
SD: Standard Deviation, IQR: Inter quartile range, RPQ: Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire, PCS: Post-concussion syndrome (≥3 of the core post-concussion symptoms). a Data are corrected for stratification, and are representative of an adult population of injured patients who visited an emergency department in The Netherlands. b 71 missing values (5.5%). c 17 missing values (1.3%). d 32 missing values (2.5%).