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. 2021 Feb 19;10(2):202. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10020202

Table 2.

Chemical engineering methods applied for phage modification. EDC/NHS: 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydro/N-hydroxysuccinimide.

Phage Chemical Modification Binding Force Ref
M13 Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) Ionic binding [63]
PAP AIEgens Amide bond [64]
JM phage Pheophorbide a (PPA) EDC/NHS Crosslinking [65]
Bacteriophage T4 (ATCC 11303-B4) Indium tin oxide (ITO) Ionic binding [66]
Phage cocktail Cellulose membrane Ionic binding [67]