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. 2021 Feb 18;22(4):2038. doi: 10.3390/ijms22042038
Cu copper
PD Parkinson’s disease
CNS central nervous system
ROS reactive oxygen species
CTR1 copper transporter protein 1
PLK2 polo like kinase 2
PP2A protein phosphatase 2A
LB Lewy body
UPS ubiquitin proteasome system
CTR2 copper transporter protein 2
Dmt1 divalent metal transporter 1
ATP7A copper-transporting ATPases 1
ATP7B copper-transporting ATPases 2
ATOX1 copper transport protein
SOD3 extracellular superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]
COX cytochrome c oxidase
Cox17 cytochrome c oxidase copper chaperone
Sco1 cytochrome c oxidase assembly protein 1 chaperone
Sco2 cytochrome c oxidase assembly protein 2 chaperone
CCS copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase
SOD1 superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]
TH tyrosine hydroxylase
DAT dopamine transporter
RA retinoic acid
BDNF brain-derived neurotrophic factor
MAP2 microtubule-associated protein 2
MTT 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide
CTR untreated cells
SNCA α-synuclein gene
DCFDA 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin diacetate
MMP mitochondrial membrane potential
JC-1 5,5′,6,6′-tetrachloro-1,1′,3,3′-tetraethylbenzimidazolcarbo-cyanine iodide
DMEM Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium
MMP mitochondrial membrane potential
MPT membrane permeability transition
ANT nucleotide translocase adenine
OD optical density
TBS Tris-buffered saline