Table 2.
Descriptive and correlational analyses.
| Measures | Mean | SD | Correlations | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | |||
| 1. Age | 13.12 | 0.81 | ||||||||||||||||
| 2. Gender a | −0.08 *** | |||||||||||||||||
| 3. Family intactness b | 0.02 | 0.01 | ||||||||||||||||
| 4. W1 IA | 2.31 | 2.35 | 0.09 *** | −0.17 *** | 0.08 *** | |||||||||||||
| 5. W2 IA | 2.30 | 2.44 | 0.06 ** | −0.10 *** | 0.05 ** | 0.46 *** | ||||||||||||
| 6. W1 LS | 4.08 | 1.13 | −0.06 ** | −0.07 ** | −0.07 ** | –0.26 ** | −0.19 ** | |||||||||||
| 7. W2 LS | 4.06 | 1.13 | −0.03 | −0.08 ** | −0.06 ** | –0.16 ** | −0.27 ** | 0.38 ** | ||||||||||
| 8. W1 CBC | 4.82 | 0.74 | −0.09 *** | −0.01 | −0.05 ** | −0.26 *** | −0.17 *** | 0.51 ** | 0.21 ** | |||||||||
| 9. W1 PA | 4.87 | 0.84 | −0.09 *** | 0.08 *** | −0.05 * | −0.23 *** | −0.14 *** | 0.46 ** | 0.18 ** | 0.66 *** | ||||||||
| 10. W1 GPYD | 4.81 | 0.71 | −0.12 *** | 0.01 | −0.07 ** | −0.31 *** | −0.20 *** | 0.60 ** | 0.27 ** | 0.83 *** | 0.71 *** | |||||||
| 11. W1 PIT | 4.53 | 0.93 | −0.11 *** | −0.10 *** | −0.07 ** | −0.25 *** | −0.17 *** | 0.55 ** | 0.25 ** | 0.71 *** | 0.59 *** | 0.74 *** | ||||||
| 12. W1 TPYD | 4.78 | 0.69 | −0.12 *** | −0.01 | −0.07 ** | −0.31 *** | −0.20 *** | 0.61 ** | 0.27 ** | 0.90 *** | 0.79 *** | 0.97 *** | 0.83 *** | |||||
| 13. W2 CBC | 4.95 | 0.78 | −0.10 *** | −0.02 | −0.02 | −0.19 *** | −0.27 *** | 0.31 ** | 0.44 ** | 0.44 *** | 0.35 *** | 0.43 *** | 0.39 *** | 0.46 *** | ||||
| 14. W2 PA | 5.01 | 0.85 | −0.09 *** | 0.07 *** | −0.02 | −0.20 *** | −0.23 *** | 0.28 ** | 0.44 ** | 0.34 *** | 0.42 *** | 0.40 *** | 0.32 *** | 0.42 *** | 0.66 *** | |||
| 15. W2 GPYD | 4.92 | 0.76 | −0.08 *** | −0.01 | −0.03 | −0.23 *** | −0.32 *** | 0.38 ** | 0.57 ** | 0.43 *** | 0.38 *** | 0.49 *** | 0.42 *** | 0.50 *** | 0.84 *** | 0.69 *** | ||
| 16. W2 PIT | 4.64 | 0.95 | −0.06 ** | −0.12 ** | −0.04 * | −0.18 *** | −0.27 *** | 0.34 ** | 0.52 ** | 0.38 *** | 0.30 *** | 0.41 *** | 0.48 *** | 0.44 *** | 0.72 *** | 0.61 *** | 0.75 *** | |
| 17. W2 TPYD | 4.90 | 0.73 | −0.09 *** | −0.02 | −0.03 | −0.23 *** | −0.31 *** | 0.38 ** | 0.58 ** | 0.45 *** | 0.41 *** | 0.50 *** | 0.45 *** | 0.51 *** | 0.91 *** | 0.78 *** | 0.97 *** | 0.84 *** |
Note.a 1 = boy, 2 = girl; b 1 = intact, 2 = non-intact; W1 = Wave 1; W2 = Wave 2; IA = Internet addiction; LS = life satisfaction; CBC = cognitive-behavioral competence; PA = prosocial attribute; GPYD = general positive youth development; PIT = positive identity; TPYD = mean of total positive youth development. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.