Table 1.

Glioblastoma (GBM) molecular subtypes.

GBM Subtype	Expression of Signature Genes	Predominant Marker	Distinct Neural Cell Types
Proneural	PDGFRA alternation IDH1 point mutation	Proneural markers: SOX, DCX, DLL3, ASCL1, TCF4 and Oligodendrocytic development markers: PDGFRA, NKX2-2 and OLIG2	Oligodendrocyte
Mesenchymal	Lower NF1 expression · NF1 and PTEN co-mutation High expression of TRADD, RELB, TNFRSF1A	Mesenchymal and astrocytic markers CD44, MERTK	Astroglial
Classical	Chromosome 7 amplification paired with chromosome 10 loss High level of EGFR amplification Point or vIII EGFR mutation Lack of TP53 mutation	Neural precursor and stem cell markers NES, NOTCH3, JAG1, LFNG, SMO, GAS1, GLI2	Murine astrocytes
Neural	Neuron projection, and axon and synaptic transmission	Neuron markers such as NEFL, GABRA1, SYT1 and SLC12A5.	Neuron, oligodendrocytes and astrocytes