Table 1.
Drying experiments of bracts and stems of artichoke at different temperatures. Drying time (h) needed to reach a moisture content of 0.25 kg W/kg dm. Effective diffusivity (Deff) and mass transfer coefficient (k) (average values and standard deviation) identified from modeling and percentage of variance (% VAR) explained by the model.
| Drying Temperature (°C) | Drying Time (h) | Deff (10−10 m2/s) | k (10−4 m2/s) | % VAR | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bracts | 40 | 12.0 ± 0.3 a | 5.0 ± 0.4 a | 4.1 ± 0.2 a | 99.5 ± 0.8 |
| 60 | 6.00 ± 0.17 b | 8.8 ± 0.3 b | 4.3 ± 0.1 b | 99.5 ± 0.2 | |
| 80 | 5.00 ± 0.15 c | 15 ± 5 c | 13.6 ± 0.6 c | 99.8 ± 0.3 | |
| 100 | 4.0 ± 0.2 d | 25 ± 4 d | 26 ± 5 d | 99.8 ± 0.4 | |
| 120 | 3.0 ± 0.2 e | 34 ± 4 e | 47 ± 4 e | 99.6 ± 0.2 | |
| Stems | 40 | 18.0 ± 0.6 j | 3.6 ± 0.3 f | 1.3 ± 0.8 f | 99.6 ± 0.2 |
| 60 | 10.0 ± 0.4 g | 4.1 ± 0.5 fg | 2.2 ± 0.3 fg | 99.1 ± 0.1 | |
| 80 | 7.0 ± 0.3 h | 4.6 ± 0.2 h | 4.3 ± 0.2 gh | 99.2 ± 0.7 | |
| 100 | 6.00 ± 0.14 i | 5.4 ± 0.3 hi | 5 ± 1 h | 99.0 ± 0.1 | |
| 120 | 4.0 ± 0.2 j | 6.1 ± 0.6 i | 7.1 ± 0.2 i | 98.7 ± 0.3 |
Different letters in the same column indicate significant differences according to an LSD test (p < 0.05).