5-methylTHF	5:10-methylenetetrahydrofolate to 5-methyltetrahydrofolate
ATP	Adenosine triphosphate
SAHH	AdoHcy hydrolase
AGEs	Advanced glycation end products
AD	Alzheimer’s disease
APP	Amyloid precursor
ADMA	Asymmetric dimethylarginine
BHMT	Betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase
BBB	Blood–brain barrier
CAA	Cerebral amyloid angiopathy
CBF	Cerebral blood flow
SVD	Cerebral small vessel disease
CSF	Cerebrospinal fluid
CRP	C-reactive protein
cGMP	Cyclic guanosine monophosphate
cGMP	Cyclic guanosine-30,5-monophosphate
CBS	Cystathionine β-synthase
CSE	Cystathionine γ-lyase
DDAH	Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase
DUSPs	Dual-specificity phosphatases
HERP	Endoplasmic protein
ER	Endoplasmic reticulum
eNOS	Endothelial NO synthase
EDHF	Endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors
ERK	Extracellular signal-regulated kinase
ERM	Ezrin, radixin, and moesin
GABA	Gamma-amino butyric
PQC	Global cellular protein quality control
Hcy	Homocysteine
HERP	Hcy-induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Protein
HHcy	hyperhomocysteinemia
P-tau	Hyperphosphorylated tau protein
HIF 1	Hypoxia-inducible factor 1
ICAM-1	Intercellular adhesion molecule-1
IL-6	Interleukin-6
LOX	Lectin-like low-density lipoprotein
MMP	Matrix-metalloprotease
MST	3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase
MAT	Methionine adenosyltransferase
MTR	Methionine synthase
MetRS	Methionyl-tRNA synthase
MT	Methyltransferase
PPM1 and PPM2A	Methyltransferase systems
MAP	Mitogen-activated protein kinases
MLCP	Myosin light-chain phosphatase
NADPH	Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Hydrogen
NO	Nitric oxide
NOS	Nitric oxide synthase
NMDA	N-methyl D-Aspartate
SID	N-[(1,1-dimethyl ethoxy)carbonyl]-L-tryptophan-2-[[[2-[(2- ethyl phenyl)amino]-2-oxoethyl]thio]carbonyl]hydrazide
NFK-Beta	Nuclear factor kappa light-chain enhancer of activated B cells
PVS	Perivascular spaces
PAI-1	Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1
PHOX	Phagocytic NADPH oxidase
PC	Phosphatidylcholines
PEMT	Phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase
PS1	Presenilin 1
PRMTs	Protein arginine N-methyltransferases
PKM-2	Pyruvate kinase muscle isoenzyme 2
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
ROCK	Rho-associated protein kinase
SAM	S-adenosyl methionine
AdoHcy	S-adenosylhomocysteine
SAH	S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine
AdoMet	S-adenosylmethionine
STATs	Signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins
STAT3	Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
SIRT1-HSF1 axis	Sirtuin/heat shock factor 1/heat shock protein axis
sTM	Soluble thrombomodulin
sVAD	Subcortical vascular dementia
SOD	Superoxide dismutase
DNMT	Toll like receptor/NF-KB-DNA methyltransferase
TLR	Toll-like receptor
UPS	Ubiquitin-proteasome system
UPR	Unfolded protein response
VEGF	Vascular endothelial growth factor
Cbl	Vitamin B12