Table 5.
Various application of nanocomposites in fuel cells.
| Electrode System | Application | Fuel Cell Performance (W cm−2) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZnO-NiO | Low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (LTSOFC) | 1107 | [162] |
| Two-chamber (microbial fuel cells) MFC N-doped graphene/CoNi alloy within bamboo-like CNT hybrid | MFC | 2000 | [163] |
| LSM–YSZ | Highly durable solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) cathodes | 0.65 0.55 |
[164] |
| Cu0.15Ni0.85-GDC (gadolinium doped cerium) | LTSOFC | 0.82 | [165] |
| Metal oxides Ni–Cu–Zn-oxide and samarium doped ceria-carbonate nanocomposite | LTSOFC, 300–600 °C | 0.73 | [166] |
| Hierarchically structured textile polypyrrole/poly(vinyl alcohol-co-polyethylene)nanofibers/poly(ethylene terephthalate) | Two-chamber MFC | 0.42 | [167] |
| Tailored unique mesopores, carbon nanofiber aerogel | Two-chamber MFC | 0.18 | [168] |
| Chitosan-dispersed multiwalled carbon nanotubes | Two-chamber MFC | 0.29 | [169] |
| PANI/reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/Pt | Two-chamber MFC | 0.21 | [170] |
| N-doped graphene/CoNi alloy within bamboo-likeCNT hybrid | Two-chamber MFC | 0.20 | [171] |
| N-Ni-Carbon nanofiber (CNF)/activated carbon fiber | Two-chamber MFC | 0.19 | [172] |
| N-Ni-CNF coated with poly(dimethylsiloxane) | Single-chamber MFC |
0.17 | [173] |