Fig. 3.

Circulating immune cells correlate with bone regeneration. (A–E) Select cell populations from peripheral blood demonstrated a significant correlation with week 20 bone volumes. MDSCs and monocytes were negatively correlated with bone healing (A and B), while T cells, T helper cells, and B cells were positively correlated (C–E). The positive B cell correlations observed at weeks 1 and 4 are notable, given that they occurred several weeks before BMP-2 treatment was administered at week 8. n = 12 to 20 per time point, slope of linear regression significantly nonzero for all data shown; P < 0.05.