Table 6.
Differences in ASD Severity Based on Sleep Duration Subgroups. (A) Results Comparing Scores for ASD-Related Traits across Children with Sleep Duration Reported in the (1) Lower 5th Percentile (N = 179), (2) between the 5th and 95th Percentile (N = 2,233), and (3) Upper 95th Percentile (N = 302) of the Distribution. (B) Analysis of Covariance and Age-Adjusted Mean Scores for ASD-Related Traits between Children with Sleep Duration Reported in the (1) Lower 5th Percentile, and (2) Upper 95th Percentile of the Distribution. Score Ranges Are Included in Parentheses Next to the Variable Description
| ASD-Related Trait | Chi2 (df = 2) | P-value | eta2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | |||||
| Social ImpairmentADI-R (8–30) | 57.92 | <1.0 × 10−4 | 0.0213 | ||
| NV CommunicationADI-R (0–14) | 21.55 | <1.0 × 10−4 | 0.0079 | ||
| Verbal CommunicationADI-R (6–26)* | 18.48 | <1.0 × 10−4 | 0.0068 | ||
| RRBADI-R (0–12) | 14.65 | 7.0 × 10−4 | 0.0054 | ||
| CSSADOS (4–10)** | 3.42 | 1.8 × 10−1 | 0.0013 | ||
| Social Affect CSSADOS (2–20)** | 3.32 | 1.9 × 10−1 | 0.0012 | ||
| RRB CSSADOS (0–8)** | 0.93 | 6.3 × 10−1 | 0.0003 | ||
| Verbal IQ Score (5–167) | 6.70 | 3.6 × 10−2 | 0.0025 | ||
| Nonverbal IQ Score (9–161) | 6.66 | 3.6 × 10−2 | 0.0025 | ||
| Age at ADOS (4–18 years) | 200.83 | <1.0 × 10−4 | 0.0740 | ||
| ASD-Related Trait | F (df) | P-value | eta2 | Mean 5th %ile | Mean 95th %ile |
| B | |||||
| Social ImpairmentADI-R (8–30) | 6.68 (480) | <1.0 × 10−5 | 0.61 | 21.37 | 18.32 |
| NV CommunicationADI-R (0–14) | 2.28 (480) | 4.1 × 10−3 | 0.07 | 9.42 | 8.52 |
| Verbal CommunicationADI-R (6–26) | 2.80 (403) | 4.0 × 10−4 | 0.10 | 16.64 | 15.43 |
| RRBADI-R (0–12) | 2.18 (480) | 6.4 × 10−3 | 0.07 | 6.87 | 5.96 |
| CSSADOS (4–10) | 1.39 (467) | 1.5 × 10−1 | 0.04 | 7.43 | 7.26 |
| Social Affect CSSADOS (2–20) | 7.81 (467) | 5.4 × 10−3 | 0.05 | 11.59 | 10.34 |
| RRB CSSADOS (0–8) | 1.32 (467) | 1.8 × 10−1 | 0.04 | 4.11 | 3.47 |
| Verbal IQ Score (5–167) | 2.83 (479) | 3.0 × 10−4 | 0.08 | 74.11 | 87.31 |
| Nonverbal IQ Score (9–161) | 2.99 (479) | 1.0 × 10−4 | 0.09 | 81.58 | 91.38 |
| Age at ADOS (4–18 years) | 182.09 (480) | <1.0 × 10−5 | 0.28 | 10.71 | 6.68 |
Indicates sample size reduction as a result of unavailable ADI-R Verbal Communication Impairment Scores (n1 = 143, n2 = 1,984, n3 = 261).
Indicates sample size reduction as a result of children having been evaluated on ADOS Module 4 (n1 = 170, n2 = 2,175, n3 = 298).
ADI-R, Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised; ADOS, Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule; CSS, calibrated severity score; RRB, restricted and repetitive behaviors; df, degrees of freedom.