Table 2.
Linear mixed effect regression models of accuracy.
| Fixed effect | Estimate | SE | df | t | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| By-subject model | |||||
| (Intercept) | 97.93 | 0.50 | 27.00 | 195.48 | <.001 *** |
| AuditoryInput | 3.08 | 1.00 | 27.00 | 3.07 | 0.005 ** |
| Condition | −1.84 | 0.71 | 135.00 | −2.58 | 0.011 * |
| FocalObject1 | −0.26 | 0.76 | 135.00 | −0.34 | 0.733 |
| FocalObject2 | 3.10 | 0.87 | 135.00 | 3.55 | 0.001 *** |
| AudIn:Cond | 2.54 | 1.43 | 135.00 | 1.78 | 0.077 |
| AudIn:FocalObject1 | 0.79 | 1.51 | 135.00 | 0.53 | 0.600 |
| AudIn:FocalObject2 | −4.18 | 1.75 | 135.00 | −2.39 | 0.018 * |
| Cond:FocalObject1 | −2.24 | 1.51 | 135.00 | −1.48 | 0.141 |
| Cond:FocalObject2 | 6.21 | 1.75 | 135.00 | 3.55 | 0.001 *** |
| AudIn:Cond:FocalObject1 | 6.89 | 3.03 | 135.00 | 2.28 | 0.025 * |
| AudIn:Cond:FocalObject2 | −11.82 | 3.50 | 135.00 | −3.38 | 0.001 *** |
| By-item model | |||||
| (Intercept) | 97.77 | 0.46 | 96 | 211.75 | <.001 *** |
| AuditoryInput | 3.22 | 0.92 | 96 | 3.49 | 0.001 *** |
| Condition | −1.88 | 0.93 | 96 | −2.03 | 0.046 * |
| FocalObject1 | −0.40 | 0.98 | 96 | −0.41 | 0.681 |
| FocalObject2 | 3.53 | 1.13 | 96 | 3.12 | 0.002 ** |
| AudIn:Cond | 2.54 | 1.86 | 96 | 1.37 | 0.174 |
| AudIn:FocalObject1 | 1.18 | 1.96 | 96 | 0.60 | 0.549 |
| AudIn:FocalObject2 | −4.84 | 2.26 | 96 | −2.14 | 0.035 * |
| Cond:FocalObject1 | −2.36 | 1.97 | 96 | −1.20 | 0.234 |
| Cond:FocalObject2 | 6.41 | 2.28 | 96 | 2.82 | 0.006 ** |
| AudIn:Cond:FocalObject1 | 6.89 | 3.94 | 96 | 1.75 | 0.084 |
| AudIn:Cond:FocalObject2 | −11.82 | 4.55 | 96 | −2.60 | 0.011 * |
Note. See Appendix for full model description. AuditoryInput = spoken word or characteristic sound; Condition = phonological or semantic; Focal Object1 = target or competitor/control; Focal Object2 = competitor or control. Contrasts for each factor were centered, and t-tests used the Satterthwaite approximation for degrees of freedom. Follow-up tests were Tukey-adjusted for multiple comparisons.
***
p<.001
**
p<.01
*
p<.05