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. 2021 Feb 26;218(5):e20201206. doi: 10.1084/jem.20201206

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© 2021 Rupérez et al.

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Figure 4. — Fatty acid metabolism, inflammatory signals in heart, and the effects of Metrnβ. 2-mo-old Metrnβ^−/− mice were injected i.p. with AAV9 carrying Metrnβ (AAV9-Metrnβ; blue bars) or AAV9-null (white bars; a, b, d–g; n = 5 mice/group), or WT littermates (gray bars) and Metrnβ^−/− (white bars) mice (c, h, i; n = 6 mice/group) were continuously infused with ISO for 7 d. (a) mRNA expression levels of the lipid catabolism genes Pdk4, Cpt1b, Acadm, and Ppargc1a (P values are 0.001, 0.0437, 0.0475, 0.0321, 0.0018, 0.0029, 0.0327, 0.0019). (b) PGC1α protein levels in cardiac tissue (P values are <0.0001, 0.0005). (c) mRNA expression levels of Pdk4, Cpt1b, Acadm, and Ppargc1a (P values are 0.01, 0.0044, 0.0363, 0.0385, 0.0009, 0.0037). (d) mRNA expression levels of the proinflammatory genes Il6, Ccl2, and Tnfa (P values are <0.0001, <0.0001, 0.0026, 0.0011, 0.0393, 0.0136, 0.0069). (e) mRNA expression levels of the anti-inflammatory genes Arg1, Cd163, and Mrc1 (P values are 0.0064, 0.0004, 0.0023, 0.0263, 0.0051). (f) M1/M2 macrophage ratio, which was defined as the iNos/Arg1 expression level ratio (Student’s t test; P = 0.0452). (g) Macrophages stained with an anti-F4/80 antibody in the heart, assessed by immunofluorescence. Magnification, 20×. Scale bar, 50 µm. (h) mRNA expression levels of the proinflammatory genes Il6, Ccl2, and Tnfa (P values are <0.001, 0.0098, 0.0007, 0.0069). (i) mRNA expression levels of the anti-inflammatory genes Arg1, Cd163, and Mrc1 (P values are 0.0007, 0.0167, 0.0244, 0.0083, 0.0054). Results are expressed as mean ± SEM; data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA (*, P < 0.05 compared with corresponding control [CT] mice; #, P < 0.05 compared with corresponding AAV9-null [a, b, d-g] mice or WT mice [c, h, i]).