Table 2.
Overview of immunization trials in fish for ectoparasites: Table provides information on immunization trials for important ectoparasites of fish. IM: Intramuscular, IP: Intraperitoneal.
| Disease | Parasite | Fish Host | Vaccine Trial Type | Antigen Target | Delivery Method | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White spot disease (Ich) | Ichthyophthirius multifiliis | Channel catfish | DNA | (i-antigen) immobilization antigen | IM | [99] |
| Channel catfish | Live | Theront | IP | [100] | ||
| Rainbow trout | Subunit | Recombinant proteins (#5, #10, & #11) | IP | [101] | ||
| DNA | (i-antigen) immobilization antigen & Cysteine protease | IM, Needle free injection, Gene gun delivery | [102] | |||
| Live | Theronts | IP | [103] | |||
| Killed | Sonicated formalin killed trophonts | IP | [104] | |||
| Nile Tilapia | Live | Theront and sonicated trophonts | Immersion and IP | [105] | ||
| Channel catfish | Live | Tomites | IP | [98] | ||
| Killed | Trophonts and tomites | IP | ||||
| Marine White spot | Cryptocaryon irritans | Grouper | Live | Theronts | Bath | [106] |
| Killed | Formalin-killed theronts | IP | [107] | |||
| Sea louse infestations | Lepeophtheirus salmonis | Atlantic salmon | Crude parasite extract | Adult female parasite | IP |