Fig. 2.

Association of serum HDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), and triglyceride levels with risk of severe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Increased levels of HDL-cholesterol or ApoA1 were associated with ∼15–20% decreased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among unmatched (filled-in symbols) or matched (open symbols) cases and controls, even after adjustment for multiple covariates. Increased triglyceride levels were associated with ∼10–15% increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in only the matched case-control data set. Logistic regression analyses were used for comparisons between cases and unmatched controls with adjustment for age, sex, principal component 1–10, obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, CAD, BMI, education, and smoking. Conditional logistic regression analyses were used for comparisons between cases and matched controls with adjustment for only principal component 1–10, BMI, education, and smoking. Data are shown as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for a one unit increase in the interquartile range of each biomarker (provided in Table 2). ∗P < 0.05; ∗∗P < 0.01; and ∗∗∗P < 0.005.