Table 2.

Linear regression results for the association between leptin and cognitive domains.

Cognitive Domain (per SD)	Model 1*		Model 2**		Model 3***
	Beta (SE)	P-value	Beta (SE)	P-value	Beta (SE)	P-value
Verbal memory†	−0.00026 (0.027)	0.99	0.035 (0.033)	0.29	0.044 (0.034)	0.19
Visuo-spatial memory	0.019 (0.022)	0.40	0.024 (0.028)	0.39	0.033 (0.029)	0.25
Attention, Psychomotor speed, & Executive function	0.0075 (0.017)	0.66	0.031 (0.021)	0.15	0.033 (0.022)	0.13
Language	0.025 (0.027)	0.35	0.037 (0.034)	0.29	0.044 (0.035)	0.21

Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; SE, standard error

Note: Leptin is natural log-transformed and standardized within each sex. Cognitive domains are expressed per standard deviation increment of age/education-adjusted residuals. The interaction between leptin and BMI for each outcome was assessed using Model 1.

^*Adjusted for age at NP, sex, education group (≤High school degree, some college, ≥college degree), systolic blood pressure, ln-insulin, ln-fasting blood glucose, and years between clinic exam and NP.

^**Adjusted for model 1 covariates plus body mass index (kg/m²).

^***Adjusted for model 2 covariates plus APOE4.

^†P-value for interaction between leptin and BMI group <0.05