Table 1.
COVID-19 patients' characteristics at the time of administration.
| Characteristic | Total (n = 172) (%) | Hydroxychloroquine (n = 29) (16.9%) | Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin (n = 143) (83.1%) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean ± SD (year) | 59.2 ± 15.4 | 59.1 ± 17.9 | 59.8 ± 14.8 | 0.577 |
| Female | 85 (49.4) | 16 (55.1) | 69 (48.2) | 0.497 |
| Intensive care at time of testing | 17 (9.8) | 3 (10.3) | 14 (9.7) | 0.927 |
| Tisdale score at treatment initiation, mean ± SD | 8 ± 2.1 | 5.8 ± 2.3 | 8.4 ± 1.8 | <0.001 |
| Acute heart failure | 28 (16.2) | 6 (20.6) | 22 (15.3) | 0.480 |
| Maximum temperature at the time of administration, mean ± SD (°C) | 37.1 ± 0.5 | 37.1 ± 0.4 | 37.2 ± 0.5 | 0.192 |
| Baseline laboratory values, mean ± SD | ||||
| Serum potassium, mean ± SD (mEq/L) | 4.2 ± 0.3 | 4.3 ± 0.3 | 4.1 ± 0.3 | 0.062 |
| Serum creatinine, mean ± SD (mg/dL) | 1.2 ± 1.1 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 1.2 | 0.810 |
| White blood cell count, mean ± SD (cells/μL) | 7140.1 ± 3501.4 | 7848.6 ± 4880.4 | 6995.2 ± 3128.1 | 0.627 |
| Absolute lymphocyte count, mean ± SD (count/μL) | 22.78 ± 9.6 | 23.1 ± 12.3 | 22.71 ± 9.1 | 0.325 |
| C-reactive protein, mean ± SD (mg/dL) | 8.8 ± 5.9 | 9.6 ± 7.4 | 8.6 ± 5.6 | 0.708 |
| Creatine phosphokinase, mean ± SD (IU/L) | 232.4 ± 395.5 | 146.4 ± 55.9 | 272.5 ± 473.7 | 0.940 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase, mean ± SD (IU/L) | 642.9 ± 358.7 | 507.2 ± 219.3 | 679.1 ± 380.3 | 0.003 |
| Preexisting conditions | ||||
| Hypertension | 53 (30.8) | 10 (34.4) | 43 (30.1) | 0.639 |
| Congestive heart failure | 48 (27.9) | 4 (13.7) | 44 (30.7) | 0.063 |
| Coronary artery disease | 11 (6.3) | 0 (0) | 11 (7.6) | 0.123 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 2 (1.2) | 1 (3.4) | 1 (0.7) | 0.208 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 60 (34.8) | 7 (24.1) | 53 (37.1) | 0.183 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 4 (2.3) | 0 (0) | 4 (2.7) | 0.362 |
| Malignancy | 7 (4.1) | 2 (6.8) | 5 (3.4) | 0.398 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 10 (5.8) | 1 (3.4) | 9 (6.2) | 0.550 |
| Medications | ||||
| Loop diuretics | 41 (23.8) | 8 (27.5) | 33 (23.1) | 0.603 |
Abbreviations: SD: standard deviation.