Table 1.

Eligibility Criteria for Patients.

Inclusion Criteria	Exclusion Criteria
≥18 years old English speaking ARF with mechanical ventilation via endotra cheal tube or tracheostomy 1 Expected hospital stay of ≥7 days 1,2 Alert (e.g., RASS sedation score = −1, 0, or 1) 1 Not delirious (e.g., negative CAM-ICU score) 3 Presence of clinically significant anxiety symp toms at initial consultation (VAS-A score ≥50) 4	Pre-existing cognitive impairment (e.g., dementia) 1 History of major psychiatric illness (i.e., psychotic disorder bipolar disorder, suicide attempt in past 24 months, perva sive developmental disorder) 1 Anticipated discharge to hospice, primary focus on pallia tive care, or >90% probability of in-hospital death 2

¹ At the time of initial psychology consultation. ² Determined by Medical Intensive Care Unit staff. ³ Confusion Assessment Method—Intensive Care Unit. ⁴ The Visual Analog Scale-Anxiety (VAS-A) ranges from “not anxious at all” (score = 0) to “most anxious I have ever felt” (score = 100). Note: ARF = Acute Respiratory Failure; RASS = Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale.