Table 1. Comparison of Spark-based Clustering methods in terms of the supported Big Data characteristic (volume, variety and velocity) and in terms of the type of data (real and synthetic) the proposed method was validated.

Category	Sub-category	Paper	Supported Big Data Characteristic			Validated on
			volume	variety	velocity	Real	Synthetic
K-means	Machine Learning	Kusuma et al. (2016)	√		√		√
		Sarazin, Lebbah & Azzag (2014)	√				√
		Gao & Zhang (2017)	√			√
		Thakur & Dharavath (2018)	√				√
		Lighari & Hussain (2017)	√			√
		Kamaruddin, Ravi & Mayank (0000)	√		√	√	√
	Fuzzy	Wu et al. (2017)		√		√
		Win et al. (2019a)	√			√
		Win et al. (2019b)	√			√
		Liu et al. (2019)	√			√
		Bharill, Tiwari & Malviya (0000)	√			√
	Statistics	Shah (2016)	√			√
		Lavanya, Sairabanu & Jain (2019)	√			√
		Pang et al. (0000)	√			√
		Chakravorty et al. (2014)	√	√	√	√
	Scalable	Wang et al. (2016)	√	√		√
		Sinha & Jana (2016)	√				√
		Backhoff & Ntoutsi (2016)		√	√	√
		Ding et al. (2017)	√			√
		Sharma, Shokeen & Mathur (2016)	√			√
		Ben HajKacem, Ben N’Cir & Essoussi (2017)	√	√		√	√
		Ben HajKacem, Ben N’cir & Essoussi (0000)	√	√		√	√
		Zayani, Ben N’Cir & Essoussi (2016)	√			√	√
		Chitrakar & Petrovic (2018)	√			√
		Fatta & Al Ghamdi (2019)	√			√
		Zhang et al. (2019)	√			√
		Solaimani et al. (2014)	√	√	√	√
		Mallios et al. (0000)	√			√
Hierarchical	Data Mining	Guo, Zhang & Zhang (2016)	√			√
		Ianni et al. (2020)	√				√
		Lee & Kim (2018)	√				√
	Machine Learning	Sarazin, Azzag & Lebbah (2014)	√			√	√
		Malondkar et al. (2019)	√	√	√	√
	Scalable	Jin et al. (2015)	√			√
		Solaimani et al. (0000)	√	√	√	√
		Hassani et al. (2016)					√
Density	Graph	Rui et al. (2017)	√			√
		Zhou & Wang (0000)	√			√	√
		Kim et al. (2018)	√			√
		Lulli, Dell’Amico & Ricci (2016)	√			√	√
	Data Mining	Han et al. (2018a)	√				√
		Hosseini & Kourosh (2019)	√			√	√
		Aryal & Wang (2018)	√			√
	Machine Learning	Hosseini & Kiani (2018)	√	√		√
		Corizzo et al. (2019)	√	√		√	√
		Liang et al. (2017)	√			√	√
	Scalable	Luo et al. (2016)	√			√
		Han et al. (2018b)	√			√	√
		Baralis, Garza & Pastor (2018)	√				√
		Gong, Sinnott & Rimba (0000)			√	√