Table 4. NCD risk factors (behavioural and metabolic) among adults (18–69 years).
| Prevalence of risk factors (18–69 years) | Men | Women | Urban | Rural | Overall | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % (95% CI) | n | % (95% CI) | n | % (95% CI) | n | % (95% CI) | n | % (95% CI) | |
| Behavioral risk factors | ||||||||||
| Tobacco use (%) | ||||||||||
| Current tobacco use (Smoked or smokeless tobacco) | 2354 | 51.2 (48.3–54.1) | 685 | 13.0 (11.1–15.2) | 1172 | 25.1 (21.5–29.2) | 1867 | 36.8 (34.3–39.2) | 3039 | 32.8 (30.8–35.0) |
| Current smokeless tobacco use | 1640 | 36.5 (33.6–39.5) | 633 | 12.0 (10.2–14.1) | 840 | 17.6 (14.6–20.9) | 1433 | 28.3 (25.8–31.0) | 2273 | 24.7 (22.7–26.9) |
| Current smoked tobacco use | 1081 | 23.0 (20.8–25.5) | 67 | 1.3 (0.9–2.0) | 496 | 11.6 (9.2–14.6) | 652 | 13.1 (11.6–14.8) | 1148 | 12.6 (11.3–14.1) |
| Smokers who attempted to quit the habit in past year | 378 | 35.2 (31.0–39.7) | 27 | 46.8 (29.4–65.1) | 181 | 38.3 (32.7–44.2) | 224 | 34.7 (29.3–40.5) | 405 | 35.8 (31.7–40.2) |
| Second-hand tobacco smoke exposure in past 30 days (%) | ||||||||||
| At home | 1659 | 36.1 (33.2–39.1) | 1517 | 27.7 (25.0–30.5) | 1340 | 25.8 (21.9–30.2) | 1836 | 35.2 (32.5–38.0) | 3176 | 32.1 (29.7–34.5) |
| During travel or at workplace | 2364 | 48.7 (45.5–51.9) | 1398 | 23.3 (20.5–26.2) | 1950 | 39.6 (34.4–45.0) | 1812 | 34.9 (31.9–38.1) | 3762 | 36.5 (33.8–39.3) |
| Alcohol use (%) | ||||||||||
| Current alcohol use | 1315 | 28.3 (25.8–31.0) | 95 | 2.4 (1.5–3.9) | 655 | 14.2 (12.5–16.0) | 755 | 16.7 (14.4–19.3) | 1410 | 15.9 (14.2–17.7) |
| Heavy episodic drinking | 507 | 10.9 (9.5–12.6) | 16 | 0.5 (0.2–1.3) | 251 | 5.7 (4.7–6.8) | 272 | 6.1 (4.9–7.5) | 523 | 5.9 (5.1–6.9) |
| Lifetime abstainers | 3226 | 66.1 (63.2–68.9) | 5696 | 97.3 (95.8–98.3) | 4243 | 82.8 (80.7–84.8) | 4679 | 80.2 (77.5–82.7) | 8922 | 81.1 (79.2–82.9) |
| Dietary Practices | ||||||||||
| Inadequate consumption of fruits and / or vegetables (%) | 4714 | 98.0 (97.1–98.6) | 5732 | 98.8 (98.3–99.2) | 4911 | 97.7 (96.7–98.5) | 5535 | 98.7 (97.9–99.2) | 10446 | 98.4 (97.8–98.8) |
| Mean population salt intake (g/day) (Mean) | 1081 | 8.9 (8.7–9.2) | 1185 | 7.1 (6.9–7.2) | 1025 | 8.3 (8.0–8.7) | 1241 | 8.0 (7.8–8.2) | 2266 | 8.0 (7.8–8.2) |
| Physical activity (%) | ||||||||||
| Insufficient physical activity | 1642 | 30.9 (28.3–33.7) | 3170 | 52.4 (50.0–54.7) | 2628 | 51.7 (48.6–54.8) | 2184 | 36.1 (33.9–38.3) | 4812 | 41.3 (39.4–43.3) |
| Metabolic risk factors (%) | ||||||||||
| Overweight (BMI ≥ 25.0 Kg/m2) | 1259 | 23.3 (21.0–25.7) | 1991 | 29.3 (27.0–31.7) | 2119 | 42.5 (39.8–45.2) | 1131 | 18.0 (16.1–20.1) | 3250 | 26.1 (24.2–28.1) |
| Obesity (BMI ≥ 30.0) | 264 | 4.3 (3.6–5.2) | 613 | 8.3 (7.1–9.7) | 629 | 11.2 (9.6–13.0) | 248 | 3.7 (3.1–4.6) | 877 | 6.2 (5.5–7.0) |
| Raise blood pressure | 1504 | 29.9 (27.9–32.0) | 1738 | 27.0 (25.2–28.8) | 1726 | 34.0 (32.0–36.1) | 1516 | 25.7 (23.8–27.8) | 3242 | 28.5 (27.0–30.1) |
| Raised blood glucose | 489 | 8.5 (7.4–9.7) | 660 | 10.2 (8.8–11.8) | 720 | 14.4 (12.5–16.4) | 429 | 6.9 (5.7–8.3) | 1149 | 9.3 (8.3–10.5) |
n = unweighted number; % = weighted percentage.