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Overview of the medical treatment options for diabetic macular edema (adapted from Urias et al. [15]). NSAIDS: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor; DARPin: designed ankyrin repeat protein; FGF: fibroblast growth factor beta; PDGF: platelet-derived growth factor; CCR: chemokine receptor; IGF-1: insulin-like growth factor-1; EPO: erythropoietin.
