Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics
| Variable / Category | Derivation data (n=1,011) | Validation data (n=203) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Missing values (n) |
Missing values (n) |
|||
| Age (years) | 63.2±15.8 | 9 | 68.0±11.7 | 6 |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 749 (74) | 5 | 159 (78) | 0 |
| Height (cm) | 161.8±9.5 | 11 | 159.8±9.4 | 4 |
| Weight (kg) | 61.2±14.4 | 9 | 64±13.2 | 1 |
| NYHA functional class | ||||
| I | 163 (16) | 89 | 60 (30) | 24 |
| II | 302 (30) | 57 (28) | ||
| III | 253 (25) | 20 (10) | ||
| IV | 204 (20) | 42 (21) | ||
| LVEF (%) | 28.4±8.6 | 26 | 30.6±6.8 | 0 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 108.4±24.9 | 776 | 128.3±22.7 | 73 |
| Sodium (mEq/L) | 137.5±7.3 | 33 | 138.2±3.5 | 4 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.8±2.2 | 2 | 1.8±2.0 | 2 |
| BUN (mg/dL) | 27.3±18.0 | 25 | 26±21.7 | 7 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 3.9±9.3 | 103 | 3.6±0.6 | 67 |
| Hb (g/dL) | 12.9±4.9 | 8 | 12.8±2.4 | 4 |
| ALT (IU/L) | 42.5±95.5 | 32 | 46.2±160.4 | 4 |
| γ-GTP (IU/L) | 76.4±102.2 | 197 | 50.4±55.1 | 63 |
| ALP (U/L) | 267.2±119.0 | 200 | 259.8±103.2 | 65 |
| Hematocrit (%) | 38.1±7.0 | 12 | 38.1±6.7 | 4 |
| Loop diuretic dose (mg/day) | 21.7±30.2 | 2 | 13.7±33.3 | 1 |
| Thiazide diuretic use | ||||
| Yes | 65 (6) | 13 | 11 (5) | 4 |
| Per oral inotropic agent use | ||||
| Yes | 177 (18) | 13 | 14 (7) | 4 |
| Aldosterone antagonist use | ||||
| Yes | 382 (38) | 0 | 31 (15) | 0 |
| History of cardiac drip | ||||
| Yes | 93 (9) | 156 | 33 (16) | 17 |
| History of renal dysfunction | ||||
| Yes | 345 (34) | 8 | 66 (33) | 3 |
| History of cerebral vascular disorder | ||||
| No | 808 (80) | 67 | 161 (79) | 4 |
| TIA | 12 (1) | 3 (1) | ||
| CVA | 124 (12) | 35 (17) | ||
| History of cardiac surgery | ||||
| Yes | 131 (13) | 9 | 33 (16) | 2 |
| Emergency hospitalization | ||||
| Yes | 726 (72) | 14 | 138 (68) | 6 |
| Diabetes | ||||
| Yes | 592 (59) | 3 | 174 (86) | 1 |
| Pneumonia | ||||
| Yes | 84 (8) | 75 | 15 (7) | 2 |
ALP, alkaline phosphatase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; γ-GTP, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase; Hb, hemoglobin; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA, New York Heart Association; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TIA, transient ischemic attack.