FIG 5.

Innate immune response following JHMV infection of the CNS. (A) UMAP plot of cells within clusters exclusively from brains at day 3 p.i. with JHMV. (B) Bar graph showing frequency of cells from a cluster within the brains of mice 3 days postinfection (p.i.) with JHMV. Macrophages and microglia represented the main cell types enriched at day 3 p.i. (C) Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) for IFN-α responses in microglia, macrophages, and dendritic cells at day 3 p.i. from brains of JHMV-infected mice. The area under the curve represents enrichment of response genes. Normalized enrichment scores and P values are shown. (D) Data showing expression of Myd88, Rsad2, and Tmem173 transcripts in microglia subpopulations as well as overall temporal expression at defined times p.i. with JHMV (E) Expression of Irf1, Irg1, Myd88, Ripk1, Rsad2, and Tmem173 transcripts in subpopulations of monocytes (monos) and macrophages (macs) in response to JHMV infection. (F) Expression of Irf1, Myd88, Ripk1, Rsad2, and Tmem173 in dendritic cell (DC) subpopulations following JHMV infection. Normalized expression values were used, and random noise was added. Box plots show interquartile range, median value (bold horizontal bar), and average expression value per sample (red dots). Wilcoxon’s test was used for statistical analysis. ns, not significant; *, P ≤ 0.05; **, P ≤ 0.01; ***, P ≤ 0.001; ****, P ≤ 0.0001.