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. 2021 Mar 2;11:4993. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-83905-7

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Whether an arachnoid plane is present is closely related to the difficulty of tumor resection. (A) This TSM has a complete arachnoid plane (yellow arrow). Strict separation along the arachnoid plane is done during tumor removal, causing less disturbance to neurovascular structures. (B–D) In another patient, the tumor lacked an arachnoid plane and the branches of the superior hypophyseal artery (SHA) were closely related to the tumor. After the tumor had been removed completely, the SHA branch supplying the optic nerve was well protected (blue Arabic numerals in C,D).