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. 2021 Mar 2;7:20. doi: 10.1038/s41531-021-00163-0

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Surface models of subcortical structures (in blue) are depicted with significant clusters (in orange) showing local volume alterations at study entry (a) and over two years (b). Residual local volume for each participant within thresholded clusters and p-values for the group effect from the ANCOVA accounting for age, gender, and daily levodopa dose is plotted along with median and average group values. a. At study entry, significant differences in local volume were found in the thalamus bilaterally. Post-hoc tests revealed that converters and freezers showed local inflations in the thalamus clusters relative to non-converters. b. Over the two years, significant changes were observed in local volume in the brainstem, and trends towards significance in the left amygdala and left thalamus. Converters showed local volume inflation in the brainstem, left amygdala, and left thalamus, while non-converters showed deflation (see text for details).