Table 2.
. Statistically Significant Changes in Metabolite Levels in MDD Participants (N=136) after 8 weeks of SSRI Treatment.
| Class | Metabolite | Estimated Log2 Change (SE) | p-value | q- value | Class | Metabolite | Estimated Log2 Change (SE) | p-value | q- value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acylcarnitine | C18:1 | −0.38 (0.06) | 6.69E-09 | 4.99E-07 | PC aa | PC aa C36:1 | 0.15 (0.04) | 4.26E-04 | 3.79E-03 |
| C16:1 | −0.31 (0.05) | 9.18E-09 | 4.99E-07 | PC aa C30:0 | 0.17 (0.05) | 4.41E-04 | 3.79E-03 | ||
| C18:2 | −0.38 (0.07) | 2.52E-08 | 1.03E-06 | PC aa C42:2 | 0.09 (0.03) | 7.55E-04 | 5.45E-03 | ||
| C14:2 | −0.36 (0.08) | 4.58E-06 | 1.22E-04 | PC aa C34:4 | 0.16 (0.05) | 7.69E-04 | 5.45E-03 | ||
| C16 | −0.21 (0.05) | 5.26E-06 | 1.22E-04 | PC aa C34:3 | 0.13 (0.04) | 1.00E-03 | 6.13E-03 | ||
| C10 | −0.33 (0.08) | 2.92E-05 | 5.94E-04 | PC aa C40:2 | 0.10 (0.03) | 1.01E-03 | 6.13E-03 | ||
| C12 | −0.32 (0.08) | 8.86E-05 | 1.55E-03 | PC aa C38:6 | −0.08 (0.03) | 3.84E-03 | 1.84E-02 | ||
| C8 | −0.31 (0.08) | 1.10E-04 | 1.64E-03 | PC aa C24:0 | 0.12 (0.04) | 4.92E-03 | 2.00E-02 | ||
| C5-OH (C3-DC-M) | −0.24 (0.06) | 2.24E-04 | 3.04E-03 | PC aa C28:1 | 0.08 (0.03) | 6.90E-03 | 2.62E-02 | ||
| C3 | 0.16 (0.04) | 3.24E-04 | 3.61E-03 | PC aa C36:6 | 0.11 (0.04) | 9.60E-03 | 3.48E-02 | ||
| C14:1-OH | −0.14 (0.04) | 4.09E-04 | 3.79E-03 | PC aa C42:4 | 0.07 (0.03) | 1.11E-02 | 3.92E-02 | ||
| C7-DC | −0.17 (0.05) | 5.08E-04 | 4.14E-03 | PC aa C36:3 | 0.04 (0.02) | 1.56E-02 | 5.07E-02 | ||
| C5 | 0.13 (0.04) | 2.47E-03 | 1.34E-02 | PC aa C32:1 | 0.13 (0.06) | 2.28E-02 | 7.01E-02 | ||
| C2 | −0.16 (0.06) | 3.46E-03 | 1.71E-02 | PC aa C36:2 | 0.03 (0.02) | 3.40E-02 | 9.54E-02 | ||
| C16:1-OH | −0.13 (0.05) | 4.66E-03 | 2.00E-02 | PC aa C38:3 | 0.08 (0.04) | 3.97E-02 | 1.04E-01 | ||
| C16:2-OH | −0.13 (0.05) | 4.71E-03 | 2.00E-02 | PC aa C36:5 | 0.09 (0.04) | 4.70E-02 | 1.19E-01 | ||
| C18 | −0.11 (0.04) | 4.96E-03 | 2.00E-02 | PC ae | PC ae C34:3 | 0.17 (0.03) | 1.29E-06 | 4.21E-05 | |
| C18:1-OH | −0.14 (0.05) | 4.96E-03 | 2.00E-02 | PC ae C38:2 | 0.13 (0.04) | 3.46E-04 | 3.61E-03 | ||
| C14:1 | −0.10 (0.04) | 5.03E-03 | 2.00E-02 | PC ae C36:3 | 0.12 (0.03) | 3.54E-04 | 3.61E-03 | ||
| C4 | 0.09 (0.04) | 9.16E-03 | 3.39E-02 | PC ae C34:2 | 0.11 (0.03) | 8.87E-04 | 6.02E-03 | ||
| C0 | 0.06 (0.03) | 2.75E-02 | 8.00E-02 | PC ae C30:0 | 0.11 (0.03) | 1.02E-03 | 6.13E-03 | ||
| C5-M-DC | 0.14 (0.06) | 3.09E-02 | 8.84E-02 | PC ae C42:2 | 0.08 (0.03) | 1.13E-02 | 3.92E-02 | ||
| Amino Acids | Arginine | 0.29 (0.09) | 7.13E-04 | 5.45E-03 | PC ae C36:2 | 0.07 (0.03) | 1.65E-02 | 5.27E-02 | |
| Proline | 0.13 (0.04) | 3.41E-03 | 1.71E-02 | PC ae C36:5 | 0.07 (0.03) | 2.65E-02 | 7.84E-02 | ||
| Tyrosine | 0.10 (0.04) | 1.54E-02 | 5.07E-02 | PC ae C36:0 | 0.06 (0.03) | 3.52E-02 | 9.65E-02 | ||
| Citrulline | 0.09 (0.04) | 1.84E-02 | 5.76E-02 | PC ae C32:2 | 0.05 (0.03) | 4.74E-02 | 1.19E-01 | ||
| Phenylalanine | 0.06 (0.03) | 4.34E-02 | 1.12E-01 | Sphingolipids | SM C18:1 | −0.10 (0.03) | 1.82E-03 | 1.03E-02 | |
| Biogenic Amines | Serotonin | −1.77 (0.17) | 1.55E-21 | 2.53E-19 | SM C24:0 | 0.09 (0.03) | 4.14E-03 | 1.93E-02 | |
| Sarcosine | −0.34 (0.09) | 9.54E-05 | 1.55E-03 | SM C18:0 | −0.06 (0.03) | 3.55E-02 | 9.65E-02 | ||
| Methioninesulfoxide | 0.31 (0.08) | 3.34E-04 | 3.61E-03 | SM C20:2 | −0.08 (0.04) | 3.68E-02 | 9.82E-02 | ||
| trans-4-Hydroxyproline | 0.15 (0.07) | 2.50E-02 | 7.53E-02 | Lyso PCs | lysoPC a C20:4 | −0.11 (0.04) | 1.82E-03 | 1.03E-02 | |
| lysoPC a C28:1 | 0.09 (0.03) | 2.90E-03 | 1.53E-02 | ||||||
| lysoPC a C24:0 | 0.08 (0.03) | 5.79E-03 | 2.25E-02 | ||||||
| lysoPC a C28:0 | 0.08 (0.03) | 1.48E-02 | 5.02E-02 |
Significance level was set to ɑ = 0.05. p-values obtained from linear mixed-effect models adjusted for age, sex, baseline HRSD17 and antidepressant. Metabolites surpassing Benjamini-Hochberg correction (q-value < 0.05) are bolded.
SSRI selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, HRSD17 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, PC phosphatidylcholines, SM sphingomyelin, LysoPC: lyso-phosphatidylcholines. Metabolite abbreviations are spelled out in Supplementary Table 1.