Table 3.

Impact of depression, sociodemographic and health variables on dimensions of the WHOQOL-BREF (unstandardized regression coefficients)

	Physical health (N = 911)		Psychological (N = 911)		Social relationships (N = 904)		Environment (N = 911)		Global QOL (N = 908)
	B	95% CI	B	95% CI	B	95% CI	B	95% CI	B	95% CI
Depression	− 9.74***	− 13.23; − 6,25	− 16.56***	− 19.60; − 13.52	− 5.82**	− 9.55; − 2.08	− 1.16	− 4.21; 1.89	− 13.22***	− 16.89; − 9.55
Age	− 0.42***	− 0.58; − 0.26	− 0.14*	− 0.29; − 0.00	0.02	− 0.16; 0.19	− 0.03	− 0.17; 0.11	− 0.14	− 0.31; 0.03
Gender	− 1.80	− 4.17; 0.57	− 0.82	− 2.88; 1.24	2.96*	0.44; 5.48	− 2.06*	− 4.13; − 0.00	− 0.36	− 2.85; 2.12
Marital status
Married +living seperated/divorced	− 0.49	− 6.40; 5.42	− 2.31	− 7.45; 2.84	− 6.37*	− 12.65; − 0.10	− 2.84	− 7.99; 2.32	2.49	− 3.72; 8.69
Single	− 2.42	− 10.90; 6.06	− 1.82	− 9.19; 5.56	− 8.94	− 17.94; 0.06	0.59	− 6.80; 7.98	3.50	− 5.39; 12.39
Widowed	2.42	− 3.49; 8.33	0.59	− 4.56; 5.73	− 0.81	− 7.09; 5.47	1.26	− 3.90; 6.41	4.50	− 1.71; 10.70
Living situation
With partner	3.32	− 2.46; 9.09	3.18	− 1.85; 8.20	7.80*	1.67; 13.93	3.44	− 1.59; 8.48	6.22*	0.16; 12.28
With relatives	4.47	− 1.98; 10.91	3.09	− 2.52; 8.70	0.22	− 6.74; 7.17	3.84	− 1.78; 9.46	1.76	− 5.01; 8.52
Education
Secondary school 1a	1.15	− 4.22; 6.52	2.30	− 2.37; 6.97	− 1.87	− 7.76; 4.02	2.23	− 2.45; 6.91	3.32	− 2.31; 8.95
Secondary school 2b	2.15	− 3.45; 7.75	1.98	− 2.89; 6.85	− 2.56	− 8.68; 3.56	2.41	− 2.48; 7.29	3.13	− 2.75; 9.00
HEEQc	2.65	− 3.61; 8.91	4.01	− 1.43; 9.46	− 0.40	− 7.20; 6.39	7.09*	1.63; 12.55	5.46	− 1.12; 12.04
Chronic diseases (number)	− 2.16***	− 2.46; − 1.86	− 1.10***	− 1.36; − 0.83	− 0.61***	− 0.93; − 0.29	− 0.62***	− 0.88; − 0.36	− 1.70***	− 2.02; − 1.38
Daily living skills (IADL)	2.46***	1.70; 3.22	1.74***	1.08; 2.40	1.40***	0.58; 2.22	1.60***	0.94; 2.26	2.08***	1.29; 2.88
Cognitive status	1.25***	0.90; 1.59	1.19***	0.89; 1.48	1.08***	0.72; 1.45	1.28***	0.98; 1.58	1.04***	0.68; 1.40
Constant	72.44	55.70; 89.18	55.81	41.24; 70.38	42.60	24.67; 60.52	46.39	31.80; 60.99	46.04	28.46; 63.62
R2	0.43		0.36		0.18		0.21		0.32

*p ≤ 0.05; +**p ≤ 0.01; ***p ≤ 0.001. WHOQOL-BREF = World Health Organization Quality of Life instrument (short form). QOL = quality of life. CI = confidence interval. Ranges: Physical Health = 7.14–100.00; Psychological Health = 0.00–100.00; Social Relationships = 0.00–100.00; Environment = 15.63–100.00; Global QOL = 0.00–100.00

^aEight to nine years of school (German: Hauptschule)

^bTen years of school (German: Realschule, Polytechnische Oberschule, Fachhochschulreife)

^cHEEQ = Higher education entrance qualification (German: Allgemeine oder Fachgebundene Hochschulreife/Abitur)