Table 1.
Characteristics of patients hospitalised for COPD
| Study patients N=565 | Values* | |
| Demographic characteristics | Age, years | 69±11 |
| Men | 392 (69.4) | |
| Married | 544 (96.3) | |
| Local resident | 361 (63.9) | |
| Lung function and complications† | Pre-FEV1 | 1.16 (0.84, 1.73) |
| Respiratory failure | 63 (11.4) | |
| Pulmonary heart diseases | 59 (10.7) | |
| Hypoxemia | 10 (1.8) | |
| VTE | 9 (1.6) | |
| Pneumothorax | 2 (0.4) | |
| Hypxic-hypercarbic encephalopathy | 4 (0.7) | |
| Comorbidities† |
Cardio/cerebrovascular diseases | 340 (61.7) |
| Diabetes | 102 (18.5) | |
| Respiratory infection | 67 (12.2) | |
| Bronchiectasis | 47 (8.5) | |
| Reflux oesophagitis | 38 (6.9) | |
| OSAS | 18 (3.3) | |
| Lung cancer | 5 (0.9) | |
| Anxiety depression | 12 (2.2) | |
| Osteoporosis | 6 (1.1) | |
| Obesity | 56 (9.9) | |
| Admission |
Admitted on Thursday–Sunday | 252 (44.6) |
| Admitted from emergency | 173 (30.7) | |
| Seasons at admission | March–May | 164 (29.0) |
| June–August | 145 (25.7) | |
| September–November | 94 (16.6) | |
| December–February | 162 (28.7) | |
| Air pollution at admission | O3, ug/m3 | 92 (63, 150) |
| PM2.5, ug/m3 | 52 (25, 88) | |
| Hospital stay and healthcare cost | Length of stay, days | 10 (8, 14) |
| Direct cost of hospitalisation, US$ | 2080.7 (1501.6, 2877.17) | |
*Data were represented as mean±SD or median (interquartile) for continuous variables where appropriate and n (%) for categorical variables.
†Fourteen patients’ complications and comorbidities were missing due to their unavailable data on secondary diagnoses.
‡
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; OSAS, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome; Pre-FEV1, Pre-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in one second.; VTE, venous thromboembolism.