Table 1.
Comparison of baseline clinical characteristics in the dapagliflozin and prevention of adverse outcomes in heart failure trial (DAPA‐HF) and the empagliflozin outcome trial in patients with chronic heart failure and a reduced ejection fraction (EMPEROR‐Reduced).
| DAPA‐HF | EMPEROR‐Reduced | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dapagliflozin | Placebo | Empagliflozin | Placebo | |
| n | 2,373 | 2,371 | 1,863 | 1,867 |
| Age (years) | 66.2 ± 11.0 | 66.5 ± 10.8 | 67.2 ± 10.8 | 66.5 ± 11.2 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 564 (23.8) | 545 (23.0) | 437 (23.5) | 456 (24.4) |
| NYHA functional classification, n (%) | ||||
| II | 1,606 (67.7) | 1,597 (67.4) | 1,399 (75.1) | 1,401 (75.0) |
| III | 747 (31.5) | 751 (31.7) | 455 (24.4) | 455 (24.4) |
| IV | 20 (0.8) | 23 (1.0) | 9 (0.5) | 11 (0.6) |
| LVEF (%) | 31.2 ± 6.7 | 30.9 ± 6.9 | 27.7 ± 6.0 | 27.2 ± 6.1 |
| Median NT‐pro BNP, pg/mL (IQR) | 1,428 (857–2,655) | 1,446 (857–2,641) | 1,887 (1,077–3,429) | 1,926 (1,153–3,525) |
| Ischemic cause of heart failure, n (%) | 1,316 (55.5) | 13,158 (57.3) | 983 (52.8) | 946 (50.7) |
| History of HHF, n (%) | 1,124 (47.4) | 1,127 (47.5) | 577 (31.0) | 574 (30.7) |
| Device therapy, n (%) | ||||
| ICD | 622 (26.2) | 620 (26.1) | 578 (31.0) | 593 (31.85) |
| CRT | 190 (8.0) | 164 (6.9) | 220 (11.8) | 222 (11.9) |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 993 (41.8) | 990 (41.8) | 927 (49.8) | 929 (49.8) |
| CKD, n (%) | 962 (40.6) | 964 (40.7) | 893 (48.0) | 906 (48.6) |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 66.0 ± 19.6 | 65.5 ± 19.3 | 61.8 ± 21.7 | 62.2 ± 21.5 |
| Heart failure medications | ||||
| ACE inhibitor | 1,332 (56.1) | 1,329 (56.1) | 1,314 (70.5)† | 1,286 (68.9)† |
| ARB | 675 (28.4) | 632 (26.7) | ||
| ARNI | 250 (10.5) | 258 (10.9) | 340 (18.3) | 387 (20.7) |
| MRA | 1,696 (71.5) | 1,674 (70.6) | 1,306 (70.1) | 1,355 (72.6) |
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. †Total number (%) for the use of angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or angiotensin‐receptor blocker (ARB) were shown. ARNI, angiotensin receptor‐neprilysin inhibitor; CRT, cardiac resynchronization therapy; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; DAPA‐HF, the dapagliflozin and prevention of adverse outcomes in heart failure trial; EMPEROR‐Reduced, the empagliflozin outcome trial in patients with chronic heart failure and a reduced ejection fraction; HHF, hospitalization for heart failure; ICD, implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator; IQR, interquartile range; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MRA, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; NT‐pro BNP, N‐terminal pro B‐type natriuretic peptide; NYHA, New York Heart Association.